新疆哈密瓜不同年代品种萌发期耐盐碱性评价  

Salinity-alkalinity Tolerance of Different Hami Melon Cultivars at Germination Stage

作　　者：韩宏伟[1] 佘建华[1] 王强[1] 庄红梅[1] 胡柏文[1] 冯红鹰[1] 王浩[1] 

机构地区：[1]新疆农业科学院园艺作物研究所,乌鲁木齐830091

出　　处：《新疆农业科学》2017年第3期442-451,共10页Xinjiang Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：国家重点研发计划"西北干旱区设施蔬菜化肥农药减施技术模式建立与示范"(2016YED0201005);新疆维吾尔自治区公益性科研院所基本科研业务费专项"蔬菜品种收集引进及筛选利用研究"(KYGY2016119)~~

摘　　要：【目的】研究新疆哈密瓜不同年代品种萌发期对盐碱胁迫的响应,筛选耐盐碱的哈密瓜品种,为新疆哈密瓜品种布局与培育耐盐碱新品种提供科学依据。【方法】设置5个混合盐碱溶液(Na Cl∶Na2SO4∶Na HCO3∶Na2CO3=9∶1∶1∶9,pH=10.80),浓度梯度0(CK)、25、50、75和100 mmol/L,对17个哈密瓜品种种子进行胁迫处理,测定发芽势、发芽率、发芽指数、活力指数、胚根长度和胚根鲜重等指标,并采用模糊数学隶属函数法进行耐盐碱性综合评价。【结果】随着盐碱胁迫浓度的增加,供试哈密瓜品种的萌发指标总体呈下降趋势。盐碱胁迫下品种间的发芽势、发芽率、发芽指数、活力指数等萌发指标差异性显著。17个供试哈密瓜品种萌发期的耐盐碱性由强到弱,依次为新密13号>新密28号>红密脆>新伽师2号>新密7号>905-1>金丽2号>农密9号>新密43号>绿皮9818>伽师瓜>新密杂11号>新密31号>西洲密25号>春萧2号>新密24号>绿宝石。【结论】发芽率、发芽势、发芽指数和胚根伤害率可作为哈密瓜品种萌发期耐盐碱性鉴定的主要指标。新密13号耐盐性最强,新密28号次之,不同哈密瓜品种之间萌发期的耐盐碱性差异较大,在哈密瓜种子萌发期可对其耐盐性进行快速鉴定。新密13号、新密28号可作为适宜新疆哈密瓜盐碱区种植的首选品种。[Objective] This study aims to research the effects of salinity -alkalinity stress on the seed germinations of Xinjiang Hami melon and screen out the most salt - tolerant varieties for the layout in Xin- jiang. [ Method ] This experiment set five salinity -alkalinity stress, which were respectively 0 （CK）, 25, 50, 75 and 100 mmol/L; The seeds of Hami melon were treated under salinity -alkalinity stress and the seeds germination rate, germination potential, germination index, vitality index were measured. [ Result] With the increase of salinity stress concentration, the seed germinations parameters of Harni melon showed downtrend trend. The germination index, germination rate, germination index and vigor index were significantly different among varieties under saline alkali stress. The order of experimental Hami melon varieties from strong to weak was Xinmi 13 〉 Xinmi 28 〉 Hongmicui 〉 Xinjiashi 2 〉 Xinmi 7 〉 905 - 1 〉 Jinli2 〉 Nongmi 9 〉 Xin- mi 43 〉 Lupi 9818 〉 Jiashigua 〉 Xinmiza 11 〉Xinmi31 〉 Xizhoumi 25 〉 Chunxiao 2 〉 Xinmi 24 〉 Lvbaoshi. [ Conclusion] The seed germination rate, germination potential, germination index and root damage rate may serve as indicators to appraise salinity - alkalinity tolerance of Hami melon at germination stage. The salinity - alkalinity tolerance of Xinmi 13 is the Xinmi 28 takes the second place. The salinity differences. The Xinmi 13 and Xinmi 28 are the strongest among the experimental Hami melon varieties, and - alkalinity tolerances of different varieties have significant preferred varieties for the saline -alkali area.

关 键 词：哈密瓜 萌发期 盐碱胁迫 综合评价 

分 类 号：S652[农业科学—果树学]