山西天镇设施菜地土壤养分状况分析  

Soil nutrient status of vegetable-cultivated greenhouse in Tianzhen county of Shanxi

作　　者：湛润生[1] 曹晓鹏[1] 常绍伟 戎婷婷[1] ZHAN Runsheng CAO Xiaopeng CHANG Shaowei RONG Tingting(Colllege of Life Science, Shanxi Datong University, Datong 037009, Shanxi, Chin)

机构地区：[1]山西大同大学生命科学学院,山西大同037009

出　　处：《中国瓜菜》2017年第5期29-31,39,共4页China Cucurbits And Vegetables

基　　金：山西大同大学科研项目(2015K6)

摘　　要：为了研究山西天镇设施菜地土壤养分状况,以设施菜地相邻大田土壤为对照,选择当地有代表性的设施大棚21个,采用"S"型五点式采样,采集0~20 cm土壤样品进行分析化验。结果表明,与对照相比,天镇县设施菜地土壤p H值较对照(8.26)降低了1.5~2.5,出现了明显酸化趋势;土壤有机质质量分数平均为15.41 g·kg^(-1),整体含量偏低,导致土壤养分得不到合理利用;土壤全氮质量分数在0.4~0.6 g·kg^(-1),有效磷质量分数小于30 mg·kg^(-1),依据菜地土壤养分分级标准,氮磷含量均属于严重缺乏;土壤速效钾质量分数大于200 mg·kg^(-1),超过了作物需求量,后期应严格控制钾肥施用量。总之,当地设施蔬菜生产中的不合理施肥,已导致土壤养分供应与蔬菜养分需求严重失调,今后应推广科学施肥。In order to clarity soil nutrient of vegetable-cultivated greenhouse in Tianzhen county of Shanxi, 0-20 cm soil samples from 21 representative greenhouses were conducted using a S- sampling trip pattern with 5 sampling points, and the adjacent open field soil was used as control. The results indicated that pH value of vegetable-cultivated greenhouse was lower 1.5-2.5 than control （8.26）, which showed a clearly acidification trend. Soil organic matter content was lower 05.41 g·kg^-1）, soil nutrients could not be effectively used. The content of soil total N was in the range of 0.4-0.6 g·kg^-1, available P content was lower than 30 mg·kg^-1, total N and available P contents were seriously deficient. Soil available K was more than 200 mg ·kg^-1 which exceeded the normal demand for crops, and we should control the amount of potash fertilizer application in the future. In short, vegetable-cultivated greenhouse unreasonable fertilization has led to significant differences in soil nutrient supply and vegetables demand. We should promote scientific fertilization in the future.

关 键 词：设施菜地 土壤养分 合理施肥 

分 类 号：S158[农业科学—土壤学] S626[农业科学—农业基础科学]