福州市不同绿地功能区土壤重金属污染特征及评价  

Heavy Metal Contamination of Soils and Its Evaluation in Different Greenbelt Regions of Fuzhou City

作　　者：李婷婷[1,2] 方红[1,2] 罗世祺[1,2] LI Tingting FANG Hong LUO Shiqi(Key Laboratory for Subtropical Mountain Ecology （ Ministry of Science and Technology and Fujian Province Funded） , Fuzhou 350007, China School of Geographical Sciences, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou 350007, China)

机构地区：[1]福建省湿润亚热带山地生态重点实验室-省部共建国家重点实验室培育基地,福州350007 [2]福建师范大学地理科学学院,福州350007

出　　处：《亚热带资源与环境学报》2017年第1期46-52,共7页Journal of Subtropical Resources and Environment

基　　金：福建省自然科学基金资助项目(2014J01151);福建省科技计划项目公益类项目(2014R1034-2)

摘　　要：为了揭示福州市绿地土壤重金属含量、来源及成因,利用电感耦合等离子体质谱仪(ICP-MS)测定了福州市市区不同绿地功能区土壤重金属的含量,采用单因子污染指数法和内梅罗综合污染指数法对土壤重金属污染水平进行评价,并分析了土壤重金属污染的主要来源。结果表明,福州市不同绿地功能区土壤重金属含量已有一定程度的积累,Cr、Co、Ni、Cu、Zn和Pb等6种重金属元素在4类功能区中均有不同程度的污染,比如Cr、Co、Ni、Cu、Zn和Pb重金属最大含量分别为100.62 mg·kg^(-1)(化工路)、15.10 mg·kg^(-1)(阳光城小区)、24.37 mg·kg^(-1)(浦上大道)、59.04 mg·kg^(-1)(南二环)、227.11 mg·kg^(-1)(化工路)、169.85 mg·kg^(-1)(化工路);单因子污染指数评价表明,Co、Zn和Pb 3种元素在4类绿地功能区达到轻污染,Zn和Pb的污染更严重;综合污染评价中,不同绿地功能区重金属污染程度依次为道路绿地>居住区绿地>单位绿地>公园绿地。福州城市土壤重金属污染来源较复杂,公园绿地土壤重金属污染主要来自居民、游客所产生的丢弃物;单位绿地和居民区绿地土壤重金属污染主要来自生活垃圾;道路绿地土壤重金属含量主要来自交通运输。就重金属元素而言,Cr、Cu、Zn、Pb元素主要受交通运输影响,居民生活影响次之;Co、Ni元素主要受居民生活影响。In order to reveal the contents, sources and causes of heavy metals in the soil of different greenbelt regions in Fuzhou, we use ICP-MS to determine the contents, assess the heavy metal pollution level by means of single and Nemerow Synthetical pollution index method, and analyze the main sources of soil heavy metals. Results showed that the heavy metals have already accumulated to some degree in the soil. The content of Cr, Co, Ni, Cu, Zn and Pb in the soil sampled from four greenbelt zones differed. The maximum of Cr, Co, Ni, Cu, Zn and Pb were 100.62 mg·kg^-1 （Huagong Road）, 15.10 mg·kg^-1（Yangguangcheng Community）, 24.37 mg·kg^-1 （Pushang Road）, 59.04 mg·kg^-1 （Southern 2nd Ring Road）, 227.11 mg·kg^-1（Huagong Road） and 169. 85 mg·kg^-1 （Huagong Road）, respectively. The single factor index of heavy metals indicates that the soil were lightly polluted by Co, Zn and Fe, especially, the pollution of Zn and Pb were more serious. Through synthetic pollution index assessment, the sequence of pollution extent was road greenbelt 〉 residential greenbelt 〉 organization greenbelt 〉 park greenbelt. We find that the pollution sources of heavy metals were complex in its urban soil. The castoff from local residents and （or） tourists contributed a lot to heavy metal pollution of park soil, while it was primarily the living garbage which leads to the heavy metal pollution in soil of public and residential greenbelt. The pollution of roadside greenbelt was mainly caused by vehicles. As a result, Cr, Cu, Zn and Pb should be basically controlled by automobile exhaust, while Co and Ni by human activities.

关 键 词：城市绿地 重金属 污染评价 福州市 

分 类 号：X825[环境科学与工程—环境工程]