实验室条件下达乌尔黄鼠的越冬繁殖  

Captive breeding of Daurian ground squirrel after overwintering in the laboratory

作　　者：白鸽[1] 杨明[1] 宋士一[1] 彭霞[2] 张慧莹[1] 刘新宇[1] BAI Ge YANG Ming SONG Shiyi PENG Xia ZHANG Huiying LIU Xinyu(College of Life Science, Shenyang Normal University, Shenyang 110034 , China Laboratory Centre of Shenyang Normal University, Shenyang 110034, China)

机构地区：[1]沈阳师范大学生命科学学院,沈阳110034 [2]沈阳师范大学实验中心,沈阳110034

出　　处：《兽类学报》2017年第2期172-178,共7页Acta Theriologica Sinica

基　　金：国家自然科学基金青年基金(31500327);国家自然科学基金面上项目(31170380)

摘　　要：达乌尔黄鼠(Spermophilus dauricus)是国内研究冬眠生理学的主要模式动物,且日益为医学研究所关注。实验室条件下繁殖种群具有明确生活史特征,是相关研究的理想对象,但以往研究中,达乌尔黄鼠实验室条件下繁殖成功率及后代成活率均很低。本研究通过采取丰富饲料种类、雄性出眠后的暖温暂养、"双笼配对"等措施,对实验室条件下越冬达乌尔黄鼠进行配对,从21对动物中成功繁殖出18窝子代,繁殖成功率85.7%。78只子代饲养至3月龄,仍有67只存活,存活率为85.9%。通过本实验,得出改进达乌尔黄鼠实验室条件下繁殖的主要措施如下:(1)繁殖期母鼠及发育期幼鼠,除饲喂标准大鼠饲料外,适量添加幼犬粮、胡萝卜,以补充营养;(2)出眠的雄性达乌尔黄鼠放入18℃房间暂养2周,有助于其性腺发育,促进繁殖成功;(3)"双笼配对"能有效地降低外界干扰,减少动物的杀婴行为。Durian ground squirrel （Spermophilus dauricus） , a typical hibernating animal, has aroused more and more at- tention in the research of hibernation physiology and obesity pathology. Captive breeding populations possess clear life histo- ry characteristics, which is the ideal object of related researches. However, in previous studies reproductive success and offspring survival rate from captive breeding both were extremely low. In order to establish captive breeding populations of Daurian ground squirrel, we improved fodder richness, raised male animals in warm conditions for about 2 weeks after a- rousal, and employed a ＂two-cage pair＂ method. A total of 21 pairs of squirrels were matched and 18 pairs produced off- spring, for a reproduction success rate of 85.7%. 67 out of 78 offspring were still alive when they were 3 months old, for a survival rate of 85.9%. We concluded, from the experiment, that the main measures for the improvement of Daurian ground squirrel captive breeding were as follows ： （ 1 ） Apart from commercial rat feed, dog food and carrots were added to the food list of perinatal parents and nonage offspring as nutritional supplements. （2） Males, after arousal, were temporari- ly transferred into rooms with a temperature of 18℃ for 2 weeks, which contributed to gonad development and reproductive success. （3） A ＂Two-cage pair＂ method was used in order to avoid the interference of the external environment and re- duce animal infanticide.

关 键 词：达乌尔黄鼠 实验室繁育 双笼配对 繁殖 

分 类 号：Q958.1[生物学—动物学]