上古汉语“主之谓”结构的话题性及相关问题  

The Topicality of “Subject+zhī( 之 )+Predicate” Structure in Ancient Chinese and Relevant Issues

作　　者：李强[1] 

机构地区：[1]上海大学文学院,上海200444

出　　处：《古汉语研究》2017年第2期62-74,共13页Research in Ancient Chinese Language

基　　金：国家社科基金重大项目"汉语国际教育背景下的汉语意合特征研究与大型知识库和语料库建设"(项目编号:12&ZD175)

摘　　要：本文探讨上古汉语里的"主之谓"结构,认为"主之谓"结构包含话题性,"之"前主语、"之"后谓语以及整个结构都可以被当作话题。其次,探讨"主之谓"结构可以充当话题的成因,指出"之"的事件化和提高指别度和可及性作用让主谓结构满足话题成分的语义语用特征。最后,从跨语言的视角讨论了系词由连接向话题标示的功能转变,以此说明"之"除了可以连接主语和谓语之外,还具有标示话题的作用。This paper mainly discusses the structure'subject+zhī(之)+predicate'in ancient Chinese,and argues that the structure contains topicality.The subject before zhī,the predicate after zhīand the whole structure can be regarded as topics.Then,the cause of the structure being topic is studied.The eventalization,high deixis and accessibility of zhīcan make'subject+zhī+predicate'structure meet the semantic and pragmatic features of topic.Finally,this paper studies the functional shift of copula from linking to marking topics from the perspective of cross linguistics to indicate that in addition to the connection of subject and predicate,zhīalso has the function of marking topics.

关 键 词：话题结构 “主之谓”结构 事件化 指别度 可及性 话题标示 

分 类 号：H141[语言文字—汉语]