数控车床高压冷却喷嘴的优化设计  

Optimum Design of High Pressure Cooling Nozzle for CNC Lathe

作　　者：文怀兴[1] 马朝阳[1] 

机构地区：[1]陕西科技大学机电工程学院,西安710021

出　　处：《组合机床与自动化加工技术》2017年第5期139-141,145,共4页Modular Machine Tool & Automatic Manufacturing Technique

摘　　要：为了研究高压冷却喷嘴结构参数对流体射流的影响,文章针对高压冷却系统的执行部件锥形喷嘴的收缩角、入口直径与出口直径的比值两个主要因素进行了结构参数的优化设计。采用计算流体动力学的分析软件Fluent对喷嘴的流场进行了数值模拟,通过仿真研究和分析对比其喷嘴流场的特性曲线获取了喷嘴的优化参数。基于Mixture多相流模型理论对其优化后的喷嘴进行了外部流场的气液两相模拟实验和车削断屑实验。研究结果表明:随着收缩角的增大,喷嘴射流的动压值先增大后减小,在α=25°时动压力达到了最大值;距喷嘴出口60 mm处截面上的径向速度随着距离的增加而下降,在α=25°时截面上的径向速度变化幅度最小;当喷嘴的直径比C_d=3时,射流初始段的轴向速度达到最大值,能产生更好的断屑效果。In order to study the influence of structure parameters of high pressure cooling nozzle on the jet of fluid,In this paper,the optimization design of the contraction of conical nozzle angle 、the ratio of the contraction angle,the inlet diameter and the outlet diameter of the structure parameters of the high pressure cooling system is carried out. The flow field of the nozzle was numerically simulated by Fluent,The optimization parameters of the nozzle were obtained by simulating and analyzing the characteristics of the nozzle flow field. Based on Mixture multiphase flow model theory,the optimized nozzle was simulated by twophase gas-liquid two-phase flow. The results show that with the increase of the angle of contraction,the dynamic pressure value of nozzle jet first increases and then decreases,and the dynamic pressure reaches the maximum value at α = 25°;the radial velocity at the section of nozzle exit 60 mm When the diameter of the nozzle is smaller than C_d = 3,the axial velocity of the initial section of the jet reaches the maximum value,which can produce a better value of the radial velocity. Chip breaking effect.

关 键 词：数控车床 高压断屑 锥形喷嘴 优化设计 

分 类 号：TH122[机械工程—机械设计及理论] TG659[金属学及工艺—金属切削加工及机床]