重症老年(脑梗塞)患者鼻饲发生误吸的原因分析与预防  

Cause Analysis and Prevention of Aspiration in Nasal Feeding of Senile Patients with Severe Cerebral Infarction

作　　者：付菊[1] 唐万珍[1] 

机构地区：[1]重庆医科大学附属永川医院,重庆402160

出　　处：《中国卫生产业》2017年第10期1-2,5,共3页China Health Industry

摘　　要：目的探究重症老年脑梗塞吞咽困难患者应用鼻饲发生误吸的危险因素及预防方案,以降低误吸率及相关并发症。方法将56例2016年1—12月于该院老年科治疗的重症老年(脑梗塞患)者纳入研究,患者均发生吞咽困难,进行鼻饲。观察鼻饲的发生并分析患者发生误吸的原因,制定预防方案。结果在该研究中的56例研究对象共有17例(30.35%)出现误吸,其中因胃肠动力不佳6例、鼻饲速度过快4例、胃管滑落2例、鼻饲后吸痰5例。结论造成重症老年脑梗塞患者鼻饲误吸发生的原因多样,做好其护理预防是降低误吸发生率的重要举措;对于已出现误吸的患者应采取综合措施必要时终止鼻饲,进行积极处理。Objective To study the risk factors and prevention plan of aspiration in nasal feeding of patients senile patients with severe cerebral infarction and dysphagia in order to reduce the aspiration rate and related complications. Methods 56 cases of senile patients with severe cerebral infarction treated in the department of geriatrics in our hospital from January to December 2016 were included into the study and all patients were with dysphagia and needed the nasal feeding, and the occurrence of nasal feeding was observed and the aspiration causes of patients were analyzed and the preventive plan was made. Results Of 5 6 cases in this study, there were 17 cases with aspiration, accounting for 30.35%, including 6 cases due to poor stomach intestine dynamics, 4 cases due to too fast nasal feeding speed, 2 cases due to stomach tube slip and 5 cas-es due to sputum suction after nasal feeding. Conclusion The causes of aspiration in nasal feeding of senile patients with severe cerebral infarction are multiple, and doing a good job in the nursing prevention is an important measure of reducing the incidence rate of aspiration, and we should adopt the comprehensive measures to terminate the nasal feeding for patients with aspiration and conduct the active treatment.

关 键 词：重症脑梗塞 鼻饲 误吸 肠内营养 

分 类 号：R47[医药卫生—护理学]