饲养阶段细划分下生长育肥猪的饲养效果  

Effects of Multi-phases Feeding on Performance of Growing-finishing Pigs

作　　者：段栋梁[1] 穆秀梅[1] 王树华[1] 淡江华[1] 程晓亮[1] 焦福林[1] 王金宝 任宏铮[1] 

机构地区：[1]山西省农业科学院畜牧兽医研究所,山西太原030032 [2]阳泉市农业委员会,山西阳泉045000

出　　处：《河南农业科学》2017年第5期147-151,共5页Journal of Henan Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：山西省科技攻关项目(20120311022-5);生猪安全高效生产山西省科技创新团队项目(201313120);山西省生猪产业技术体系项目

摘　　要：为研究生长育肥猪饲养阶段细划分的饲养效果,选用96头日龄接近、体型体况相似、体质量15 kg左右的健康"杜×长×大"三元杂交商品猪,公母各半,随机分成3个处理(每个处理4个重复,每个重复8头猪),根据体质量划分标准,分别采用三阶段、四阶段和五阶段饲养,饲喂不同营养水平日粮,并测定体质量和耗料量,分析不同饲养阶段划分对生长育肥猪体增质量、饲料利用情况及经济效益的影响。结果表明,与三阶段饲养相比,五阶段和四阶段饲养头均体增质量分别提高4.18%(P<0.05)和2.41%(P<0.05),五阶段较四阶段头均体增质量提高1.74%(P<0.05);五阶段和四阶段饲养头均耗料量分别提高3.10%(P<0.05)和1.70%(P<0.05),五阶段较四阶段头均耗料量高1.37%(P<0.05);五阶段和四阶段饲养头均饲料成本分别提高3.32%(P<0.05)和1.61(P<0.05),五阶段比四阶段提高1.69%(P<0.05);五阶段和四阶段饲养头均体增质量效益分别提高5.47%(P<0.05)和3.59%(P<0.05),五阶段比四阶段提高1.81%(P>0.05);五阶段和四阶段饲养头均体增质量粗蛋白消耗量分别降低2.28%(P<0.05)和1.68%(P<0.05),五阶段比四阶段低0.67%(P>0.05)。以上结果表明,与三阶段饲养相比,四阶段和五阶段饲养均能明显提高生长育肥猪的体质量增加幅度、饲料利用水平、经济效益,且五阶段饲养比四阶段饲养效果更佳。This study was conducted to evaluate the effects of multi-phases feeding on performance of growing-finishing pigs. Ninety-six crossbred pigs( Duroc × Landrace × Yorkshire,with the similar age and body condition,half males and half females,15 kg of body weight) were randomly allotted to 3 treatments with 4 replications. Three-phases feeding,four-phases feeding and five-phases feeding methods were adopted. The results showed that weight gains of five-phases feeding were increased by 4. 18%( P < 0. 05)in contrast to three-phases feeding,feed consumption were increased by 3. 10%( P < 0. 05),weight gains of four-phases feeding were increased by 2. 41%( P < 0. 05),feed consumption was increased by 1. 70%( P <0. 05). In contrast to four-phases feeding,weight gains and feed consumption of five-phases feeding were increased by 1. 74% and 1. 37%( P < 0. 05),respectively. There were no significant differences of feed-gain ratio among 3 treatments. In contrast to three-phases feeding,feed cost of five-phases feeding was increased by 3. 32%( P < 0. 05),benefits of weight gains were increased by 5. 47%( P < 0. 05),feed cost of four-phases feeding was increased by 1. 61%( P < 0. 05),benefits of weight gains were increased by 3. 59%( P <0. 05). In contrast to four-phases feeding,feed cost and benefits of weight gains of five-phases feeding were increased by 1. 69%( P < 0. 05) and 1. 81%( P > 0. 05) respectively. In contrast to three-phases feeding,consumption of crude protein( per kilogram of weight gain) of five-phases feeding was decreased by 2. 28%( P <0. 05),four-phases feeding was decreased by 1. 68%( P < 0. 05). In contrast to four-phases feeding,consumption of crude protein( per kilogram of weight gain) of five-phases feeding was decreased by 0. 67%( P >0.05). The results indicated that four-phases feeding and five-phases feeding could improve performance and breeding benefit of growing-finishing pigs compared with three-phases feeding,five-phases feeding was better than four-phases feeding.

关 键 词：生长育肥猪 多阶段饲养 体质量增加幅度 料肉比 头均体增质量效益 头均体增质量粗蛋白消耗 

分 类 号：S815.2[农业科学—畜牧学]