不同施肥处理对连作花生土壤微生物量和酶活性的影响  

Effects of Different Fertilizing Treatments on Microbial Biomass and Enzyme Activities of Peanut Continuous Cropping Soil

作　　者：王月[1] 刘兴斌[1] 韩晓日[1] 杨劲峰[1] 李娜[1] 

机构地区：[1]沈阳农业大学土地与环境学院/土肥资源高效利用国家工程实验室,沈阳110161

出　　处：《沈阳农业大学学报》2016年第5期553-558,共6页Journal of Shenyang Agricultural University

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(31471940);国家现代农业产业技术体系建设专项基金项目(CARS-14)

摘　　要：为探明长期施用有机肥和化肥对风沙土质量的影响,以风沙土肥料长期定位试验地(始于2009年)为平台,研究连续5年不施肥(CK)、单施氮肥(N)、氮磷肥(NP)、氮磷钾肥(NPK)、单施有机肥(M)、有机肥与氮肥配施(MN)、有机肥与氮磷肥配施(MNP)、有机肥与氮磷钾肥配施(MNPK)处理耕层土壤微生物量、酶活性的变化,并分析其与土壤肥力的相关性。结果表明:施有机肥处理土壤的微生物量碳(SMB-C)和微生物量氮(SMB-N)、脲酶、酸性磷酸酶和转化酶的活性较其他处理显著增加,其中MNPK处理效果最好,比CK分别增加104.1%,201.2%,68.9%,34.2%,57.5%;并且其3种酶与土壤有机碳、全氮、速效氮、有效磷、速效钾之间存在显著或极显著相关关系。因此,风沙土通过长期施用有机肥或与无机肥配施,能增加土壤微生物量和酶的活性,从而提高土壤的持续生产力。In order to understand the long-term effects of organic and inorganic fertilizers on sandy soil quanlity, we conducted a study on peanut to determine the effects of organic matter and inorganic NPK on soil microbial biomass,soil enzyme activity,and soil fertility in the upland sandy soil, a more than five years’ long-term fertilization experiment（since 2009）. The treatments included no fertilization（CK）, N, NP, NPK, M（organic fertilizer）, M＋N, M＋NP,M＋NPK. The results showed that the soil microbial biomass carbon（SMB-C）,microbial biomass nitrogen（SMB-N）, the activity of urease, phosphatase and invertase of the treatments with organic matter were significant higher than those of inorganic fertilizer treatments,with the MNPK treatment having the biggest increase than CK treatment,the increase of SMB-C, SMB-N, urease, phosphatase,and invertase was by 104.1%,201.2%,68.9%,34.2% and 57.5%, respectively. Urease, phosphatase and invertase activities were significantly and positively correlated with soil organic carbon, total nitrogen, available N, available P and available K. Long term application of organic matter or coapplication of organic matter and mineral fertilizers not only increases the soil microbial biomass, but also enhances soil enzymes,thus can improve sandy soil sustainable productivity.

关 键 词：长期肥料试验 花生连作 风沙土 土壤微生物量 土壤酶活性 

分 类 号：S154.3[农业科学—土壤学]