PDA型PUR弹性体的制备与性能  

Preparation and Properties of PDA–based Polyurethane Elastomers

作　　者：赵彦亮[1] 王玉龙[1] 刘凉冰[1] 李振中[1] 

机构地区：[1]太原工业学院材料工程系,太原030008

出　　处：《工程塑料应用》2016年第12期32-36,共5页Engineering Plastics Application

基　　金：山西省重点扶持学科材料科学与工程基金项目(20160711)

摘　　要：以聚己二酸二乙二醇酯二醇(PDA)为软段,4,4′–二苯基甲烷二异氰酸酯(MDI)和1,4–丁二醇(BDO)为硬段,采用预聚体法制备一系列PDA型PUR弹性体。采用力学性能测试、广角X射线衍射(WAXD)、傅立叶变换红外光谱(FTIR)、差示扫描量热(DSC)、热重(TG)分析和维卡软化点温度测定等研究手段,研究硬段含量对其力学性能、微观形态和热性能的影响。结果表明,随着硬段含量的增加,PDA型PUR弹性体的硬度、拉伸强度、300%定伸应力、拉伸永久变形和撕裂强度都增大,当硬段含量为40.1%时,弹性体的综合力学性能最佳,硬度(邵A)为88,拉伸强度为33.9 MPa,300%定伸应力为12.5 MPa,拉伸永久变形为31%,撕裂强度为90.3 k N/m;WAXD分析表明,弹性体为无定型结构;FTIR分析表明,硬段含量的增加使弹性体总的氢键化程度增加,微相分离程度改善;DSC测试表明,硬段含量的增加使弹性体的微相分离程度提高;TG和维卡软化点温度测试表明,弹性体的热性能随着硬段含量的增加而提高,当硬段含量为40.1%时,弹性体的初始分解温度(失重5%的温度)和维卡软化点温度分别达到324.5℃和144.1℃,具有较好的热性能。A series of PDA-based polyurethane （PUR） elastomers were respectively synthesized through two-step method using polydiglycol adipate glycol （PDA）, 4, 4′-diphenylmethane diisocyanate （MDI） and 1, 4-butane diol （BDO）. The effect of hard seg-ment content on mechanical property, morphology and thermal property of polyurethane elastomers was characterized by mechanical test, WAXD,FTIR,DSC, TG and vicat softening point test. The results show that with the increase of hard segment content, hard-ness, tensile strength, 300% modulus, permanent deformation and tear strength of the elastomer increase. When hard segment content is 40.1%,elastomer haa the best comprehensive mechanical properties： shore A hardness is 88,tensile strength is 33.9 MPa, 300% modulus is 12.5 MPa,tensile permanent deformation is 31% and the tear strength is 90.3 kN/m. WAXD analysis results show that PUR elastomers are amorphous. FTIR analysis results show that the degree of hydrogen bonding totally increases with the increase of hard segment content. DSC analysis results suggest the degree of microphase separation is improved with the increase of hard seg-ment content. TG curves and vicat softening point test indicate that thermal property increases with the increase of hard segment con-tent. When hard segment content is 40.1%, elastomer has better thermal performance, which the initial degradation temperature （5% weight loss） reaches 324.5℃and the vicat softening point temperature reaches 144.1℃.

关 键 词：聚己二酸二乙二醇酯二醇 聚氨酯弹性体 硬段 微相分离 制备 性能 

分 类 号：TQ323.8[化学工程—合成树脂塑料工业]