中国北方与南方岩溶塌陷对比研究  

Comparative Study on the Karst Collapse in Northern and Southern China

作　　者：贺可强[1] 王滨 郭璐[1] 杜汝霖 

机构地区：[1]青岛理工大学地质环境与效应工程技术研究中心,山东青岛266033 [2]河北地质大学,河北石家庄050031

出　　处：《河北地质大学学报》2017年第1期57-64,共8页Journal of Hebei Geo University

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(41372297);高等学校博士学科点专项科研基金(20113721110002);山东省自然科学基金项目(ZR2011DL002);山东省"蓝色经济区工程建设与安全协同创新中心"

摘　　要：以秦岭淮河为界,中国北方和南方的基本地质条件、地下水动力条件及气候因素等方面存在一系列差异,决定了中国北方和南方岩溶塌陷在类型、发育特征、规模、强度与形成机制等方面的差异。因此,论文在详细对比分析了中国南北方岩溶塌陷的地质条件、岩溶地下水动力条件、岩溶塌陷类型、发育特征、规模及强度以及形成机制上的差异性基础上,发现了南北方岩溶塌陷的差异性主要表现在中国北方区域构造上为较单一的断块隆起山地和沉降盆地,其岩溶水文地质单元规模大,地下水动力作用相对较弱,塌陷类型以古岩溶塌陷为主,塌陷机制除常见致塌模式外还有一种地震效应致塌模式;而中国南方区域构造上多形成较紧密的褶皱,其岩溶水文地质单元规模小、地下水动力作用较强,以现代岩溶塌陷为主,塌陷机制除常见模式外还有冲爆致塌和酸液致塌两种模式。Taking the Q｜nling-Huaihe as the boundary, there are many differences in the basic geological conditions, hydrodynamic conditions of groundwater and climatic factors in the north and south of China, which determines the differences in the types, developmental characteristics, scale, intensity and formation mechanism of the karst collapse in the north and south of China. Based on the detailed analysis of the geological conditions, the karst hydrodynamic conditions of groundwater, karst collapse types, developmental characteristics, scale and intensity, and the formation mechanism of the karst collapse in north and south China, this study indicates that the differences of karst collapse in the north and south of China are mainly inflected in those aspects： the regional tectonic of northern China is a single block uplift mountain and settlement basins, and there are many large scale of karst hydrogeological units and relatively weak groundwater dynamics effect. Beside the common collapse modes, there is also another collapse mode inducted by earthquake in the north of China; but there is the more close folds in the south of China, and the karst hydrogeological units are small in scale and the groundwater dynamic effect is strong. In addition to some common modem collapse, modes, there are also two collapse modes inducted by burst explosion and acid in the south of China.

关 键 词：中国北方 中国南方 岩溶塌陷 对比研究 

分 类 号：P642.5[天文地球—工程地质学]