广州市造船厂在岗工人健康状况及其主要影响因素  

Occupational health status and its main influencing factors of workers in shipyards of Guangzhou City

作　　者：沈欢瑜 张齐苑[2] 张莲芳[2] 蒋羽萍[2] 陈宝欣 吴文林[1] 莫海韵 周志衡[1] 王家骥[1] 

机构地区：[1]广州医科大学公共卫生学院,广东广州510082 [2]广州市黄埔区红山街社区卫生服务中心,广东广州510725

出　　处：《职业与健康》2017年第5期593-595,共3页Occupation and Health

基　　金：广东省教育厅项目(粤教高函[2015]173号3);广东省医学科学技术研究基金项目(C2014032)

摘　　要：目的了解广州造船厂4 990名在职工人的健康状况及其主要影响因素。方法对2014年广州市2家造船厂的4 990名在岗工人进行年度职业健康检查,并按照《职业健康监护技术规范》进行健康评价。结果被检查的4 990名工人中,有50.60%的职工发现疾病或检查呈阳性,其中肺部X线异常女性显著高于男性,听力损伤、鼻炎男性显著高于女性,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。非条件logistic回归分析,性别(OR=0.33)、接触职业病危害因素种数(OR=29.294)、接害工龄(OR=2.42)是影响工人健康的主要因素,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论广州市2家船厂工人职业健康状况不容乐观,性别、接触职业病危害因素种数和接害工龄是其主要影响因素,应加强对造船工人的健康教育,改良生产工艺,改善生产环境,做好职业健康防护工作。[Objective] To understand the occupational health condition of 4 990 workers in shipyards of Guangzhou City, and analyze its influencing factors. [Methods] A total of 4 990 workers exposed to occupational hazards from 2 shipyards received annually occupational health examination, their medical examination report were evaluated according to ＂Technical Specifications for Occupational Health Surveillance＂in 2014 . [Results] Among 4 990 workers, 50.60% were detected illness or had detection positive, lung X-ray abnormalities of female was significantly higher than male. Hearing loss and rhinitis of male was significantly higher than female , with significant difference （/）〈0.05）. Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed gender （OR=0.33）, the species of exposure （0R=29.294）, length of service（OR=2.42） were the main factors influencing health of workers, with significant difference （P〈0.05）. IConclusion] Occupational health status is not optimistic in 2 shipyards in Guangzhou City. Gender, the species of exposure and service length are the main influencing factors. It is neeessary to strengthen health education on workers, to improve production technology and working environment, and to do well in occupational health protection.

关 键 词：职业危害因素 船厂工人 职业健康检查 疑似职业病 

分 类 号：R181.31[医药卫生—流行病学]