煤炭企业高级管理人员与井下工人心理健康、知觉压力及应对方式的对照研究  

Case control study on the mental health, perceived stress,and coping styles of executives and underground workers in coal enterprise

作　　者：岳玲梅[1] 王聪哲[2] 冯倩[2] 蒋克[2] 张超[2] 张莉[2] 马文有[3] 

机构地区：[1]华北理工大学附属开滦精神卫生中心门诊部,唐山063001 [2]华北理工大学附属开滦精神卫生中心心理咨询科,唐山063001 [3]华北理工大学附属开滦精神卫生中心院行政,唐山063001

出　　处：《中华现代护理杂志》2017年第4期538-541,共4页Chinese Journal of Modern Nursing

摘　　要：目的 对煤炭企业高级管理人员（以下简称高管）和井下工人的心理健康状况、知觉压力和应对方式进行对照研究.方法 对238名国有煤炭企业高管和240名井下工人实施症状自评量表（SCL-90）、知觉压力量表和简易应对方式问卷测试,将测试结果进行统计分析.结果 煤炭企业高管SCL-90总分为（123.670±27.850）分,低于全国常模,差异有统计学意义（t=-3.151,P〈0.01）;井下工人SCL-90总分为（138.610±49.720）分,高于全国常模,差异有统计学意义（t=2.882,P〈0.01）;高管与井下工人SCL-90总分比较差异有统计学意义（t=-4.05,P〈0.01）.煤炭企业高管知觉压力得分（15.70±7.37）分,低于井下工人,差异有统计学意义（t=-9.553,P〈0.01）;高管在积极应对维度得分（2.04±0.43）分,高于井下工人,差异有统计学意义（t=2.886,P〈0.01）;消极应对维度得分（1.06±0.49）分,低于井下工人,差异有统计学意义（t=-9.225,P〈0.01）.结论 煤炭企业高管的心理健康水平好于井下工人;高管知觉压力不敏感,多采用积极应对方式面对困难和挫折;井下工人知觉压力敏感,多采用消极应对方式面对困难和挫折.Objective To carry out a control study on the mental health,perceived stress,and coping styles of executives and underground workers in coal enterprise.Methods Totally 238 executives of state-owned coal enterprise and 240 underground workers were tested by symptom self-assessment scale （SCL-90）, perceived stress scale and simple coping style scale. Then the test results were analyzed.Results according to the SCL-90 results,the total score of coal enterprise executives was （123.670±27.850） and it was lower than that of national norm （t=-3.151,P〈0.01）. The total score of underground workers was （138.610±49.720） and it was higher than that of national norm （t=2.882,P〈0.01）. The difference between them was significant （t=-4.05,P〈0.01）;the score of perceived stress of enterprise executives （15.70±7.37） was lower than that of underground workers （t=-9.553,P〈0.01）;the scores of positive coping of executives were （2.04±0.43）,and they were significantly higher than those of the underground workers （t= 2.886,P〈0.01）;the scores of negative coping of executives were （1.06±0.49）,and they were significantly lower than those of the underground workers （t=-9.225,P〈0.01）.Conclusions Executives of coal enterprise get a better psychological health level than underground workers;the executives are not sensitive to perceived stress;and they use more positive coping styles to deal with difficulties and setbacks. The underground workers are sensitive to perceived stress,and they use more negative coping styles to deal with difficulties and setbacks.

关 键 词：煤炭企业 高级管理人员 井下工人 心理健康 知觉压力 应对方式 

分 类 号：R395[哲学宗教—心理学]