汉晋时期西南夷地区的石板砚及相关问题  

The Slab-shaped Inkstones of the Han through the Jin Dynasties in the Xinan Yi Area and Relevant Issues

作　　者：赵德云[1] 

机构地区：[1]四川大学历史文化学院考古系,成都市610064

出　　处：《考古》2017年第4期103-112,共10页Archaeology

基　　金：四川大学中央高校基本科研业务费研究专项(哲学社会科学)项目--学科前沿与交叉创新研究重点项目(批准号SKX201006)资助

摘　　要：汉晋墓葬常出土一种长方形石板,单面或双面磨光,通常和石制研子伴出,原本配套使用。江苏连云港西郭宝墓出土的'衣物疏'称这种石板为'板砚'^([1]),尹湾汉墓出土的1件,共出的遣策称为'板研'^([2])。《释名》曰:'砚,研也,研墨使和濡也'^([3]),表明汉代'砚'、'研'二字通用,本文以板砚称之。考古发现的石板砚实物,最早见于云梦睡虎地秦墓^([4]),汉晋时期较为流行,个别地区一直到南北朝时期都还存在。In the Xinan Yi （Southwestern Barbarians） area （present-day southwestern Sichuan, Guizhou and Yunnan）, large amount of slab-shaped inkstones have been unearthed. According to their materials, types, decors, the sexes of the occupants of the burials yielding them, and the grave goods unearthed together with them, it is known that these slab-shaped inkstones were popular in the late Western Han through the Eastern Han Dynasty, and most of them were used as stationery. The cinnabar traces preserved on some of them might be related to burial customs. The occupants of the burials yielding these slab-shaped inkstones were high-ranking aborigines, members of local powerful and noble families in the Nanzhong region （present-day southwestern Sichuan, Guizhou and Yunnan Provinces） and the people coming from other areas especially the officials of the commanderies and districts. The slab-shaped inkstones unearthed at Heimajing Cemetery in Gejiu, Yunnan had closer relationship with the Lingnan region, and the other would be from the Ba and Shu areas.

关 键 词：石板砚 西南夷地区 汉晋时期 

分 类 号：K875.4[历史地理—考古学及博物馆学]