水稻三系不育系育性与温度关系研究  

Association Between Temperature and Fertility of CMS Lines in Rice(Oryza sativa L.)

作　　者：顾华琴 向志攀[1] 刘赛[1] 毛丹丹[1] 戴小军[1] 梁满中[1] 陈良碧[1] 

机构地区：[1]湖南师范大学生命科学学院,中国湖南长沙410081

出　　处：《生命科学研究》2017年第2期144-148,173,共6页Life Science Research

基　　金：湖南省生态学一级重点学科资助项目(0713);国家自然科学基金资助项目(3147430);湖南省生物发育工程与新产品研发协同创新中心(20134486)

摘　　要：通过自然条件下分期播种实验,对生产上应用的12个三系不育系花粉育性与温度的关系进行比较分析。结果表明:自然高温条件下不育系金23A、T98A、丰源A及冈46A花粉不育性稳定;隆398A、隆香634A、4302A、优IA及D62A出现少量可染花粉;高温诱导天丰A、五丰A和粤泰A花粉可育作用明显。此外,对可染花粉率与水稻不同发育时期的日均温相关性的分析表明,五丰A、天丰A和粤泰A可染花粉率均与抽穗前13~18 d的日均温显著相关(P<0.05),高温诱导五丰A、天丰A和粤泰A育性转换敏感期为雌雄蕊原基形成末期至减数分裂期,育性转换临界日均温度分别为27.11℃、26.48℃和27.30℃。The types and ratio of pollen of widely-used CMS lines were surveyed and analyzed under the field conditions with split seedings in Changsha, Hunan. The results showed that the pollen types and ratio of the tested CMS lines fluctuated according to the temperature conditions. Four CMS lines including Jin23A, T98A, FengyuanA, Gang46A were recorded completely sterile under high temperature conditions, Long398A, Longxiang634A, 4302A, YouIA and D62A showed a little fertile with stainable pollen rates of 0.02%-1.65%, and the other three CMS lines were fertile with stainable pollen rates of 0.05%-14.56%. The positive correlation was significant between the daily mean temperature 13-18 days before initial heading and the stained pollen percentage in CMS lines TianfengA, WufengA and YuetaiA, and the critical tempera- tures of the fertility alteration were 26.48℃, 27.11℃ and 27.30℃ in the three CMS lines, respectively. The results also indicated that the fertility sensitive period of the CMS lines induced by high temperature was from the final phase of pistil and stamen formation to meiotic division of young panicles.

关 键 词：水稻 三系不育系 育性稳定性 临界温度 敏感时期 

分 类 号：Q945.6+[生物学—植物学] S511.2+1[农业科学—作物学]