矿区土壤重金属污染安全风险计量与可视化表达  

Safety risk measures and visualization for heavy metal pollution in mining area soil

作　　者：熊立新[1,2] 秦亚光[2] 汪伟[2] 张朝波[2] 

机构地区：[1]中南林业科技大学商学院,长沙410004 [2]中南大学资源与安全工程学院,长沙410083

出　　处：《科技导报》2017年第8期75-80,共6页Science & Technology Review

基　　金：2015年湖南省哲学社会科学基金项目(15YBA405);湖南省教育厅科研优秀青年项目(15B259);中南林业科技大学高层次人才引进科研启动基金项目(2014YJ048);中南林业科技大学青年基金项目(2016QZ001)

摘　　要：多年高强度的金属矿产开采使得矿区土壤重金属富集。本文精确构建矿区三维地表模型,合理布置367个采样点;调查分析矿区土壤中重金属Cd、As、Cu、Zn和Pb的生态安全风险。结果表明:土壤中重金属平均含量顺序为:Zn>Pb>Cu>As>Cd,重金属含量实际值远超背景值,且变异系数差异较大,Cd、As、Cu、Zn和Pb在土壤中含量的对数值成正态分布;污染指数均为重度污染,污染指数大小顺序为:Cd>Pb>Zn>As>Cu;土壤中重金属的潜在生态风险指数RI达787.29,潜在危害程度很大;Cu、Zn、Pb总非致癌风险HQ小于1,但Cd、As仍存在很高健康风险,且As为主要风险源。本文实现了重金属污染风险状况在三维模型上的可视化表达,为矿区的安全生产管理提供直观的决策依据。Years of high intensity metal mining would lead to a heavy metal enrichment in soil in the mining area. Combining the remotely sensed data and the 3D laser detection data, a 3D geo-model is generated. 367 sampling points are reasonablly arranged, the safety risks of Cd, As, Cu, Zn and Pb are analyzed. The experimental results indicate that with the heavy metal serious enrichment in soil in mining area, the contents of Zn and Ph are very high. The coeffieient of variation sees a large differenee, the Cs of Cd, As, Cu, Zn and Pb are in the normal distribution. The indexes of the pollution are all in V category. The influence faetors are in the following order： Cd〉Pb〉Zn〉As〉Cu. The potential ecological risk index RI is 787.29, the HQ of Cu, Zn and Pb are less than 1, but Cd and As may have a high health risk （especially As）. The visual expression of the risk in the 3D model is realized, providing an intuitive decision-making basis for the safe production management in the mine area .

关 键 词：矿区 地学模型 土壤 重金属污染 风险计量 

分 类 号：X53[环境科学与工程—环境工程]