岩溶铅锌矿区土壤重金属污染特征  

Pollution characteristics of heavy metals in soil of lead-zinc mining in karst areas

作　　者：邓琴[1] 吴迪[1] 秦樊鑫[1] 杨珍[1] 贾亚琪 程志飞[1] 刘品祯[1] 

机构地区：[1]贵州师范大学贵州省山地环境重点实验室,贵阳550001

出　　处：《中国岩溶》2017年第2期248-254,共7页Carsologica Sinica

基　　金：贵州省社会发展攻关项目"贵州典型铅锌矿区土壤重金属污染防治关键技术与修复示范"[黔科合SY(2010)3013号];贵州省自然科学基金项目"贵州铅锌矿区土壤中重金属铅锌污染特征及铅锌富集植物筛选研究"[黔科合J字[2010]2031号]

摘　　要：以DX、DW铅锌矿区土壤为研究对象,利用原子吸收光谱法(AA800)、原子荧光光谱法(AF-640)测定土壤中铅、铬、镉、铜、锌、镍、汞和砷等重金属的含量,利用单因子污染指数法、N.L.Nemerow综合污染指数法对比分析土壤中重金属的污染特征,采用PCC统计学方法分析矿区土壤中重金属之间的相关性。结果表明:两矿区土壤中除Cu、Cr外,其余重金属均已对土壤造成单一或复合污染,其中Cd污染最为严重,对综合污染贡献最大。DX、DW矿区土壤重金属的Nemerow指数分别为27.61、63.54,均达到极强污染水平,且DW矿区污染较为严重。DX矿区,除Ni外,Pb、Cr等7种重金属元素之间存相关性;DW矿区,除Cr外,Pb、Ni等7种重金属元素之间存相关性,这可能与二矿区均属多金属伴生、共生矿床有关;土壤中各重金属总含量与pH值没有显著的相关性。研究结果将为合理制定矿区土壤污染的修复和治理措施提供依据。This study focused on the heavy metals in soil in DX and DW lead-zinc areas. By using the meth- ods of atomic absorption spectrometry （AA800）, atomic fluorescence spectrometry（AF-640） and other in- struments, we measured the contents of heavy metals,including zinc（as Zn）, mercury（as Hg）, chromium （as Cr） ,cadmium （as Cd） ,copper （Cu）, nickel （Ni）, lead （Pb）and arsenic （As）. By means of the single-fac- tor pollution index and Nemerow index methods, we compared the pollution characteristics in the soil. PPC statistics were used to analyze the correlation of heavy metal pollution in the soil. The results indicate that heavy metals in soil have caused single or complex pollution and the soil was heavily polluted by Cd in the two areas. The Nemerow indexes in these two areaare 27.61 and 63.54, respectively, implying that the soil was highly polluted and such contamination in the DW area was more serious than the DX area. Except for Ni, the other seven heavy metals in the DX are correlated with each other, which is likely related to poly- metallic accompanying and symbiotic deposits in the mining area. The total content of heavy metals and the pH have no significant correlation in the soil. The established models show high fitting precision and the re- search results can provide evidence for rehabilitating the polluted land in mine areas and setting corresponding management measures

关 键 词：铅锌矿区 土壤 重金属 污染特征 相关性 

分 类 号：X53[环境科学与工程—环境工程] X758