转型期农村离婚的类型、变迁及后果  

Types,Changes and Consequences of Rural Divorce in Transition

作　　者：班涛[1] 陈讯[2] 

机构地区：[1]武汉大学社会学系,武汉430072 [2]贵州省社会科学院,贵阳550002

出　　处：《西北农林科技大学学报（社会科学版）》2017年第3期43-50,共8页Journal of Northwest A&F University(Social Science Edition)

基　　金：国家社会科学基金青年项目(14CRK021);教育部人文社会科学研究青年基金项目(16YJC840002)

摘　　要：以西部一个乡镇1978-2012年的离婚情况为分析对象,总体分析显示该镇的离婚率呈快速增长态势。依据个体离婚行为产生的主导因素将离婚分为身心缺陷型、性格志趣差异型、性行为越轨型与经济贫乏型,其中经济贫乏离婚,因男性经济条件无法满足女性的消费需求而引起的妇女提出离婚成为主要类型。打工经济背景下婚姻价值的嬗变、城乡消费圈的一体化、妇女在再婚市场的优势地位以及妇女离婚的社会支持网络共同推涨了妇女基于物质因素提出离婚的比例上升。经济贫乏型离婚的上升形塑了农村离婚区域分布的梯度效应与低洼地带,造成了经济困难家庭的弱势累积与心理焦虑,对其可能诱致的社会风险与道德风险需要引起反思与警醒。The paper focuses on the divorce cases of one town in west of China from 1978--2012, where the o- verall divorce rate shows a rapid increase. According to the primary factor of divorce, it can be classified as physi- cally and mentally defect type, personality and interest differences type, deviant behavior type and economic pover- ty type. Among them,the economic poverty type, in which women apply for divorce because men can＇t meet their consumption needs, becomes the main one. Change of the value of marriage in the background of men going out for work, integration of urban and rural consumption, women＇s dominant position in remarriage market, and so- cial support of women divorce all drive the increase of rate of that women apply for divorce. Increase of divorce caused by economic poverty forms gradient effect and lower-ying land of regional distribution. This could lead to the reality of social multi-disadvantages and psychological anxieties in poverty-stricken family, which resulted in social and ethical risks. They all need rethinking and alerting.

关 键 词：农村离婚 离婚类型 经济贫乏型离婚 底层焦虑 

分 类 号：F325.2[经济管理—产业经济]