某废渣填埋场周边土壤-蔬菜重金属污染研究  

Pollution Research of Heavy Metals from Soil-vegetable around a Waste Landfill Plant

作　　者：孟久灵 张丽娟[1] 陈棉彪 胡国成[1] 周飞[2] 房平[2] 黎华寿[3] 郑海[3] 

机构地区：[1]环境保护部华南环境科学研究所,广东广州510655 [2]西安工程大学,陕西西安710048 [3]华南农业大学热带亚热带生态研究所,广东广州510642

出　　处：《环境科学与技术》2017年第3期182-189,共8页Environmental Science & Technology

基　　金：国家环保公益性行业科研专项项目(201309049;201309047;201409022);国家自然科学基金面上项目(21377045)

摘　　要：为了掌握广西某废渣填埋场对周边环境产生的不利影响,该研究以其周边主要村庄作为研究区域,采用电感耦合等离子体发射光谱仪、原子吸收分光光度计、原子荧光光度计测定所有样品(2份废渣、1份填埋土、9份土壤、36份蔬菜、34份大米)中的Pb、Cr、Cd、As、Hg、Cu、Mn、Zn、Ni含量。结果表明,土壤中Cd污染严重;蔬菜中Cr污染严重;大米中Pb污染严重。相关性分析表明,土壤中Pb与Cd、Zn,Cd与Cu、Mn之间存在显著相关关系(p≤0.05);Pb与Cu,Zn与Cd、Cu,Cr与Mn之间存在极显著相关关系(p≤0.01);蔬菜中Pb和As有协同效应,具有一定的同源性(p≤0.05);土壤-蔬菜中Pb、Cr、Cd、As、Hg的相关性均未达到统计上的显著水平。废渣填埋场周边的居民(成人和青少年儿童)重金属健康风险(THQ、TTHQ)<1,说明通过蔬菜、大米等食物摄入途径导致的重金属健康风险不明显,但是儿童通过食物(蔬菜、大米)摄入重金属的健康风险高于成年人,说明研究区域内儿童健康更易受到重金属的影响。In order to investigate the adverse effects on environment quality, the main villages around a waste landfill plant in Guangxi was selected as the study areas, the concentrations of Pb, Cr, Cd, As, Hg, Cu, Mn, Zn and Ni in all samples （two offscum samples, one landfill soil sample, nine surface soil samples, thirty-six vegetable samples, thirty-four rice samples） were determined by inductively coupled plasma emission spectrometer, atomic absorption spectrophotometer and atomic fluorescence photometer. The results indicate that the soil, vegetable and rice have been seriously contaminated by Cd, Cr and Pb, respectively. According to correlation analyses, it has significant correlations （p~〈0.05） between Pb and Cd, Zn, Cd and Cu, Mn and very significant correlations （p~〈0.01） between Pb and Cu, Zn and Cd, Cu, Cr and Mn in soil. Pb and As in vegetables have synergistic effects or have certain homology（p~〈0.05）. The correlations of Pb, Cr, Cd, As, Hg in soil-vegetables are not statistically significant. The potential health risks （THQ, TTHQ） of heavy metals of local people （adults and adolescent children） around the waste landfill plant are less than 1, indicating health risks would not be produced with intake of contaminated edible vegetables and rice. But the potential health risks of heavy metals of children are higher than adults, the children＇s health are more vulnerable to heavy metals in the research areas.

关 键 词：重金属 污染特征 暴露 健康风险 

分 类 号：X53[环境科学与工程—环境工程]