2015年湖北省饮水型地方性氟中毒病区防治现况调查结果分析  

Control status quo of drinking-water-borne endemic fluorosis in the disease affected areas in Hubei Province in 2015： an analysis of survey results

作　　者：张碧云[1] 李明健[1] 戴馨[1] 周素华[1] 

机构地区：[1]湖北省疾病预防控制中心慢病所,武汉430079

出　　处：《中华地方病学杂志》2017年第5期346-349,共4页Chinese Journal of Endemiology

基　　金：中央补助地方公共卫生专项资金地方病防治项目（2015）

摘　　要：目的 了解湖北省饮水型地方性氟中毒病区的改水进度及降氟工程运行情况，为评价防治措施效果提供数据支持。方法 2015年在湖北省选择所有饮水型氟中毒病区村，调查改水工程进度和运行效果，采集改水工程末梢水水样，用氟离子选择电极法测定饮用水氟含量，Dean法检查8 ~ 12岁儿童氟斑牙患病情况。结果 在湖北省30个病区县（市、区）中，有197个饮水型氟中毒病区村已全部完成改水，改水率为100.00%（197／197），水氟均值为0.36 mg／L，水氟合格率为100.00%（197／197），改水工程正常运转率为95.94%（189／ 197）。共检查8 ~ 12岁儿童14 856人，氟斑牙检出率为1.78%（265／14 856），氟斑牙指数为0.04，流行强度为阴性。在30个病区县（市、区）中，有29个达到控制标准。结论 湖北省饮水型氟中毒病情已得到明显控制，但仍应加强改水工程的后期管理维护和病情监测工作。Objective To investigate the progress and effectiveness of water-improving defluoridation projects comprehensively in control of fluorosis in drinking-water-borne endemic fluorosis areas in Hubei Province, and to provide a scientific basis for making strategies in prevention and control of endemic fluorosis. Methods All villages affected by fluorosis in drinking-water-borne endemic fluorosis areas were selected in Hubei Province, in which the progress and effectiveness of water-improving and defluoridation projects were investigated in 2015. Those villages were chosen to determine fluoride content of drinking water, and to check the prevalence of dental fluorosis of children 8 to 12 years old. Water fluoride content was tested with fluoride ion-selective electrode, and dental fluorosis was diagnosed by the Dean method. Results The water improvement projects were completed in 197 villages in the 30 disease affected counties （cities） with accomplishment rate 100.00% （197/197）, geometric mean of water fluorine 0.36 mg/L, qualified rate of water fluorine 100.00% （197/197） and normal operation rate of the water-improvement projects 95.94% （189/197）. Totally 14 856 children aged 8 - 12 were examined their dental fluorosis. The prevalence rate was 1.78% （265/14 856） and the dental fluorosis index was 0.04, which meant epidemic strength was negative. Totally 29 out of the 30 disease affected counties （cities） had met the disease control standards. Conclusion The prevalence of drinking-water-borne endemic fluorosis in Hubei Province has been under control, but management and monitoring of the water improvement projects still should be strengthened.

关 键 词：饮水 氟 数据收集 氟中毒 牙 

分 类 号：R599.1[医药卫生—内科学]