高原边防驻营区及野外驻训部队军人体格健康状况的研究  

Physical health status of garrison and field training troops at high altitude

作　　者：刘璐[1,2,3,4] 徐刚[1,4] 张二龙[1,4] 陈莉[1,4] 李鹏[3] 刘显胜[1,4] 高钰琪[1,4] 

机构地区：[1]第三军医大学高原军事医学系高原特需药品与卫生装备研究室,重庆400038 [2]第三军医大学卫勤训练基地卫勤教研室 [3]第三军医大学高原环境医学教育部重点实验室与全军高原医学重点实验室,重庆400038 [4]第三军医大学高原卫生学教研室,重庆400038

出　　处：《军事医学》2017年第4期295-298,共4页Military Medical Sciences

基　　金：国家“973”计划资助项目(2012CB518201);国家自然科学基金资助项目(J1310001);军队重大项目(AWS14C007)

摘　　要：目的调查高原低氧环境对军人身体指标的影响,以及高原驻训期间军人体格指标的变化,为保障人员体格强健提供参考依据。方法根据《军队营养调查与评价方法》(GJB 1636A-2016)和《中国人民解放军战士身体发育测量及评价》(GJB 1102-91)的方法对驻高原4000~4600 m营区及4300 m野外驻训部队官兵进行体格指标的检测,并根据标准对相关结果进行评价。结果与10年前阿里地区驻训部队人员指标相比,其BMI、上臂肌围、皮褶厚度、体脂含量均增加且接近平原值。4000和4600 m海拔两个单位人员的体格指标无显著差异。野外驻训部队人员上臂肌围显著高于驻营区部队,且BMI、皮褶厚度和体脂含量显著低于驻营区部队。与驻营区部队相比,驻训部队BMI和上臂肌围的构成比无显著差异,而体脂含量偏低的人员比例显著高于驻营区部队,体脂含量正常和偏胖人员比例显著低于驻营区部队。结论驻高原地区军人体格指标不受海拔影响,而随着营养膳食保障力量的提高,军人身体指标得到改善,体内蛋白质和脂肪储备增加。野外驻训部队与驻营区部队军人相比,其肌肉含量更高,体脂更低,体格更健硕。Objective To investigate the effect of hypoxia on physical indexes and the difference of physical indexes between the garrison and field training troops.Methods According to Military Nutrition Survey and Evaluation Methods,GJB 1636A-2016 and Physical Development Measurement and Evaluation of Chinese People＇s Liberation Army（PLA） GJB1102-91,the physical indexes of plateau forces were evaluated respectively.Results Compared with soldiers＇ indexes in the Ali region10 years ago,the body mass index（BMI）,upper arm muscle circumference,skinfold and body fat of the plateau soldiers increased a lot.Physical indexes were not different between the garrison at 4000 m altitude and another garrison at 4600 m altitude.The upper arm muscle circumference of field forces was significantly larger than that of the garrison,but BMI,skinfold and body fat were significantly lower than those of the garrison.There were no significant differences between the garrison and field troops in BMI or the ratio of upper arm muscle circumference,and the ratio of body fat of field troops was significantly different from that of the garrison.Conclusion Physical indexes are not affected by altitude,but with the improvement of dietary nutrition and medical services on the plateau,physical indicators of soldiers have improved,and protein and fat in the body have increased.The field troops have more military training missions than the garrison,so they have more muscle and less body fat.

关 键 词：高原 军事人员 体格检查 健康状况 体成分 营养 

分 类 号：R821.2[医药卫生—临床医学]