微胶囊饲料对马氏珠母贝育珠性能、生长基因和矿化基因表达的影响  

Effects of replacement of dietary microalgae with microencapsulated diet on pearl production traits, gene expression related to growth and mineralization in pearl oyster Pinctada fucata martensii

作　　者：王庆恒[1,2] 廖永山[1] 杨创业[1] 郝瑞娟[1] 邓岳文[1,2] 杜晓东[1,2] 

机构地区：[1]广东海洋大学水产学院,广东湛江524088 [2]广东省珍珠养殖与加工工程技术研究中心,广东湛江524088

出　　处：《中国水产科学》2017年第3期516-523,共8页Journal of Fishery Sciences of China

基　　金：广东省科技计划项目(2014A020208122);国家贝类产业体系专项(CRAS-048);广东省海洋渔业科技与产业发展专项(Z2014009;A201308A06)

摘　　要：本研究分析了自主研发的微胶囊饲料替代微藻对马氏珠母贝(Pinctada fucata martensii)育珠性能、生长相关基因和矿化相关基因表达的影响。共设置了3个实验组,其中,EG1组投喂亚心形扁藻(Platymonas subcordiformis),EG2组投喂微胶囊饲料+亚心形扁藻,EG3组投喂微胶囊饲料。养殖170 d后,比较马氏珠母贝的育珠性能、闭壳肌生长相关基因EGFR、FGF18、GHITM和TβRI以及外套膜的中央膜和边缘膜矿化相关基因pearlin、DPT、pif177和N19的表达。结果表明:(1)各组间马氏珠母贝育珠贝的存活率、留核率不存在显著性差异(P>0.05),所采收珍珠的珍珠层厚度及平均质量也不存在显著性差异(P>0.05);(2)各实验组间马氏珠母贝闭壳肌中EGFR、FGF18、GHITM和TβR I的相对表达量不存在显著性差异(P>0.05);(3)各实验组间马氏珠母贝中央膜中DPT和N19的相对表达量差异不显著(P>0.05),EG2和EG3组pearlin的表达量显著性高于EG1组(P<0.05),pif177在EG3组中的表达量显著性高于EG1和EG2组(P<0.05);(4)各实验组间马氏珠母贝边缘膜中pearlin、DPT和N19的相对表达量差异不显著(P>0.05),EG2和EG3组pif177的表达量显著高于EG1组(P<0.05)。研究结果说明,该微胶囊饲料可以替代部分微藻进行育珠生产,为进一步研发马氏珠母贝的人工配合饲料及开展工厂化育珠积累了参考资料。The effects of replacement of a dietary microalgae with a microencapsulated diet on gene expression related to pearl production traits, growth and biomineralization were studied in the pearl oyster Pinctada fucata martensii. Three experimental groups were set up： EG1 was fed the marine green alga Platymonas subcordiformis; EG2 was fed a mixed diet of the microcapsules and the algae; and EG3 was fed only the microcapsules. The expression level of the growth-related genes EGFR, FGF18, GHITM, and TβR I in the adductor muscle （A）, and the biomineralization-related genes pearlin, DPT, pif177, and N19 in the mantle central （MC） and mantle edge （ME）, were detected and compared among the three treatments after a 170-day indoor farming period. The results showed that survival rate, retention rate, the pearl nacre thickness, and average mass of the harvested pearls did not sig- nificantly differ （P〉0.05） among the three groups. The relative gene expression level ofEGFR, FGF18, GHITM, and TβR I in the A did not significantly differ among the three treatments （P〉0.05）. Whereas the relative expres- sion level of DPT and NI9 in the MC did not significantly differ among the three treatments （P〉0.05）, the relative expression level ofpearlin was higher in EG2 and EG3 than in EG1, and the expression level ofpif177 was higher in EG3 than in EG2 and EG3 （P〈0.05）. No significant differences were detected in the relative expression levels ofpearlin, DPT, and N19 in the ME among the three treatments （P〉0.05）; however, the relative expression of pif177 was higher in EG2 and EG3 than in EG1 （P〈0.05）. These results suggest that the microencapsulated diet can replace part of the microalgae diet, which may be helpfully applied in future studies of artificial feed development for pearl oyster P. fucata martensii.

关 键 词：微胶囊饲料 马氏珠母贝 育珠性能 生长基因 矿化基因 

分 类 号：S963[农业科学—水产养殖]