水温、盐度和溶氧对红鳍东方鲀幼鱼游泳能力的影响  

Effects of water temperature, salinity, and dissolved oxygen on the swimming ability of Japanese pufferfish, Takifugu rubripes juveniles

作　　者：于晓明[1] 崔闻达[1] 陈雷[1] 邢彬彬[1] 任恒[1] 张国胜[1] 

机构地区：[1]大连海洋大学辽宁省海洋牧场工程技术研究中心,辽宁大连116023

出　　处：《中国水产科学》2017年第3期543-549,共7页Journal of Fishery Sciences of China

基　　金：农业部北方海水增养殖重点实验室开放课题(2014MSENCKF15);辽宁省教育厅科学技术研究项目(L2014285);辽宁省农业领域青年科技创新人才培养计划项目(2015007);大连市支持高层次人才创新创业项目(2016RQ067)

摘　　要：为了考查水温、盐度和溶氧对红鳍东方鲀(Takifugu rubripes)幼鱼游泳能力的影响,测定了其在不同水温[15.2、20.2、25.6(对照)和30.4℃]、盐度[0、10、20、32(对照)和40]和溶氧[2.14、4.10、5.81和7.36 mg/L(对照)]条件下的临界游速和最大游速。结果表明,水温和溶氧含量均显著影响实验鱼的临界游速和最大游速(P<0.01)。随水温和溶氧含量升高,实验鱼的临界游速和最大游速均逐渐增加。水温(T,℃)与临界游速(U_(crit),cm/s)和最大游速(U_(max),cm/s)均呈二次函数关系,关系式分别为U_(crit)=-0.095T 2+5.450T-47.79,R^2=0.995(P<0.01)和U_(max)=-0.018T 2+2.204 T-12.27,R^2=0.981(P<0.01)。溶氧含量(DO,mg/L)与临界游速和最大游速也均呈二次函数关系,关系式分别为U_(crit)=0.230DO2+1.561DO+5.84,R^2=0.995(P<0.01)和U_(max)=-0.806 DO2+11.10DO-3.919,R^2=0.985(P<0.01)。不同盐度下实验鱼的临界游速和最大游速与对照组均无显著差异(P>0.05)。结论认为,低温和缺氧会降低红鳍东方鲀放流苗种的游泳能力,进而降低其放流后的捕食成功率,提高被捕食概率。We investigated the effects of water temperature, salinity, and dissolved oxygen （DO） content on the swimming ability of juvenile tiger puffer Takifugu rubripes. The critical swimming speed （Ucrit, cm/s） and maximum swimming speed （Umax, cm/s） of the juveniles was determined under different temperatures （15.2 ℃, 20.2 ℃, 25.6℃ and 30.4℃）, salinities （0, 10, 20, 32 and 40）, and DO content （2.14 mg/L, 4.10 mg/L, 5.81 mg/L and 7.36 mg/L）. The Ucrit and Umax both increased as water temperature （T, ℃） was increased from 15.2 to 30.4℃： Ucrit increased from 13.12 to 29.07 cm/s; Umax increased from 17.51 to 37.38 crn/s. The relationship between T and Ucrit or Umax could be interpreted with quadratic models, as： gcrit = -0.095T2＋5.450T-47.79, R2=0.995 （P〈0.01）; and Umax = -0.018T2＋2.204T- 12.27, R2=0.981 （P〈0.01）. The gcrit and Umax also increased as DO was increased from 2.14 to 7.36 mg/L： Ucrit increased from 10.40 to 29.54 cm/s; Umax increased from 16.43 to 33.65 cm/s. The relationship between DO and gcrit or Umax could be interpreted with quadratic models, as： Ucrit=0.230DO2＋ 1.561DO＋5.84, R2=0.995 （P〈0.01）; and Umax= -0.806DO2＋11.10DO-3.919, R2=0.985 （P〈0.01）. The salinity challenges had no significant effects upon gcrit and Um,x of the juvenile tiger puffer （P〉0.05）. Temperature is known to strongly influence the contractile properties of muscles. According to ＂compression of the recruitment order theory＂, recruiting all of a fish＇s aerobic fibers at a lower speed results in reduced sustainable performance. The effects of temperature on the physical properties of water may also affect fish swimming ability. The viscosity of water decreases as temperature increases, and this may increase the swimming efficiency of fish in warmer waters. The swimming ability of juvenile tiger puffer might be limited by the cardiorespiratory system in response to hypoxia as a result of impaired functioning of the oxygen transport and exchange

关 键 词：红鳍东方鲀 水温 盐度 溶氧 临界游泳速度 最大游泳速度 

分 类 号：S917[农业科学—水产科学]