华南常用籼稻亲本稻瘟病抗性评价及抗性基因鉴定  

Evaluation of blast resistance and identification of resistance genes in main indica rice patent materials in South China

作　　者：阎勇[1] 马增凤[1] 秦钢[1] 陈远孟[1] 秦媛媛[2] 颜群[3] 刘驰[1] 张月雄[1] 黄大辉[1] 

机构地区：[1]广西农业科学院水稻研究所/广西水稻遗传育种重点实验室/国家水稻改良中心南宁分中心,南宁530007 [2]广西农业科学院农业科技信息研究所,南宁530007 [3]广西农业科学院植物保护研究所,南宁530007

出　　处：《南方农业学报》2017年第4期587-593,共7页Journal of Southern Agriculture

基　　金：国家"863"计划项目(2014AA10A604);国家自然科学基金项目(31360329);广西农业科学院基本科研业务专项项目(桂农科2016YM59;桂农科2015YM10)

摘　　要：【目的】评价分析华南地区常用籼稻亲本稻瘟病抗性及抗性基因,为水稻稻瘟病抗性育种提供理论依据。【方法】利用人工接种鉴定对52份华南地区常用籼稻亲本进行稻瘟病抗性分析,同时利用分子标记检测稻株携带的抗性基因,分析亲本材料稻瘟病抗性与其所携带稻瘟病抗性基因间的关系。【结果】从52份适应华南生态条件的籼稻亲本材料中筛选获得4份广谱抗源(2份抗谱为100.0%,2份抗谱为92.9%);常规稻较恢复系和保持系具有更高的稻瘟病抗性。ZA1、ZA9和ZB9生理小种较ZB1和ZB5生理小种表现出更强的致病力,具有较低的抗性频率。Pi-ta和Pi54基因的出现频率最高,均为0.42;其次是Pib基因,出现频率为0.37;Pi-km基因的出现频率较低,仅0.06;所有籼稻亲本材料中均未检测出Pi9基因。携带Pib+Pi54+Pi-km和Pi-ta+Pib+Pi54三基因稻株的抗性高于所有单基因或双基因稻株。【结论】华南常用籼稻亲本材料中存在着优良的稻瘟病广谱抗源,可利用这些抗源拓宽育种材料的遗传背景,培育抗病优良品种。多个抗性基因聚合能有效提高稻株对稻瘟病不同生理小种的抗性,在育种实践中应加强多基因聚合材料的创制和利用研究。[Objective]Blast resistance of main indica rice parent materials in South China and resistance genes were studied, in order to provide reference for blast resistant rice breeding. [ Method ] Blast resistance of 52 indica rice parent materials in South China was analyzed by artificial inoculation. The resistance genes were detected by specific molecular markers. The relationship between blast resistance and resistance genes was analyzed. [Result]Four materials（two with 100.0% resistant spectrum and two with 92.9% resistant spectrum） with broad spectrum resistance to blast were screened out of 52 parent materials. The conventional cultivars showed better resistance than that of maintainer and restorer lines. In comparison with ZBI and ZB5, the races of ZA1, ZA9 and ZB9 showed stronger pathogenicity, with lower resistance frequency. The occurrence rates of Pi-ta gene and Pi5d gene（both were 0.42） were the highest, that of Pib（0.37） ranked the second. Pi-km gene had the lowest rate （0.06）. Pi9 gene was not found in all parent lines. The materials containing Pib＋Pi54＋Pi-km or Pi-ta＋Pib＋Pi54 showed higher resistance level than the plants with single or double resistance genes. [Conclusion]Main indica rice patent materials in South China contain broad-spectrum resistance resources, which can broaden genetic background and breed resistant rice varieties. Multiple resistance genes pyramiding can strengthen the resistance of rice plant to different races of blast. More attention should be paid to the research and application of plants with multiple resistance genes.

关 键 词：籼稻 稻瘟病 抗性基因 广谱抗源 华南地区 

分 类 号：S511.21[农业科学—作物学]