数值方法在轴流式风机气动噪声识别中的应用  

Application of numerical method on identification of aeroacoustic noise of axial-flow fan

作　　者：马占军 邵双全[2] 伍志辉[3] 张坤竹[4] 邹平 

机构地区：[1]天津中海油能源发展油田设施管理有限公司 [2]中国科学院理化技术研究所 [3]广东西安交通大学研究院 [4]清华大学 [5]广东省现代农业装备研究所

出　　处：《制冷与空调》2017年第4期1-6,10,共7页Refrigeration and Air-Conditioning

基　　金："十二五"农村领域国家科技计划课题(2014BAD08B08-2)

摘　　要：采用非定常流场计算和基于FWH方程的声学类比方法对小型轴流式风机的气动噪声进行数值仿真研究,并在消声室中建立轴流式风机的测试装置研究其噪声特征。数值模拟中的虚拟消声室的大小与实物大小相同,选取最优计算工况为LES模型、2 300万网格及时间步长为叶轮转过1°所需时间,通过与试验对比,在噪声频率200～1 000 Hz范围内,计算结果与试验结果有较好的吻合。在此基础上,对分离作用、旋转叶片和分离流的相互作用、叶尖处涡流等叶片噪声源进行分析,发现噪声源主要来自叶片前缘的顶部位置、叶尖位置以及叶片中心区域,这3个区域产生的噪声频率分别在200～500 Hz,500～1 100 Hz以及800 Hz左右。The numerical simulation on the aeroacoustic noise of the small axial-flow fan is conducted using the unsteady flow field calculation and acoustic analog method based on FWH equation.The test device is set up to study the noise characteristics of the axialflow fan in the anechoic chamber.The virtual anechoic chamber which has the same size with the real one is used for numerical simulation.The simulation gets the best result at the condition of LES model,23 million mesh,and the time cost by 1°/cycle for fan as time-step.In this condition,the simulation results agree well with the experimental data in the noise frequency of 200～1 000 Hz.With the further investigation,through the analysis on the noise sources from the separating effect,the interaction between the rotating blade and separated flow,and the vortex around the tip of blade,it＇s found that the main noise sources are the apex of leading edge,the tip of blade and the center of blade,whose frequencies are 200～500 Hz,500～1 000 Hz and around 800 Hz,respectively.

关 键 词：轴流式风机 噪声 频率 模拟 

分 类 号：TH432.1[机械工程—机械制造及自动化]