地形因子对大青沟自然保护区不同森林群落叶性状的影响  

Effects of Topographic Factors on Leaf Traits of Dominant Species in Different Forest Communities in Daqinggou Nature Reserves

作　　者：刘玉平[1] 刘贵峰[1] 达福白乙拉 程伟燕[1] 陈志婧 姜丽丽[3] 

机构地区：[1]内蒙古民族大学农学院,通辽028000 [2]内蒙古大青沟国家级自然保护区管理局,甘旗卡028000 [3]中国科学院青藏高原研究所高寒生态与生物多样性重点实验室,北京100101

出　　处：《林业科学》2017年第3期154-162,共9页Scientia Silvae Sinicae

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(31260108;41301600);内蒙古自治区人才开发基金(2013015)

摘　　要：【目的】探讨地形因子对大青沟自然保护区不同森林植物群落叶功能性状的影响,探索影响叶性状变化的主要地形驱动因子(海拔、坡度、坡向、坡位)。【方法】以大青沟自然保护区大果榆、蒙古栎、水曲柳3种主要森林群落为研究对象,每种群落类型设置5个20 m×20 m的固定样地,对样地内重要值大于0.1的物种进行叶片采集,分别测定不同群落类型优势种的叶厚度、比叶面积、叶干物质含量、叶大小和叶干质量5项叶功能性状。运用Pearson相关分析和逐步回归分析,研究不同群落类型优势种叶性状与地形因子的关系。【结果】相关分析结果表明,所有优势种和不同生长型物种,比叶面积与海拔均呈极显著负相关,与坡位均呈极显著正相关;叶干物质含量与海拔均呈极显著正相关,与坡位均呈极显著负相关。逐步回归分析进一步表明,除所有优势种的叶大小、灌木叶厚度、灌木叶干质量和草本叶厚度主要受坡位的影响(标准偏回归系数分别为0.259,-0.508,-0.467和0.410)外,其他叶性状主要受海拔的影响。海拔对所有优势种叶厚、比叶面积、叶干物质含量、叶干质量标准偏回归系数分别是0.285,-0.438,0.504,0.146;对乔木叶厚、比叶面积、叶干物质含量、叶大小、叶干质量标准偏回归系数分别是0.494,-0.378,0.563,0.836,0.575;对灌木比叶面积、叶干物质含量、叶大小标准偏回归系数分别是-0.336,0.490,0.171;对草本比叶面积、叶干物质含量、叶大小、叶干质量标准偏回归系数分别是-0.555,0.650,-0.357,-0.271。【结论】在大青沟自然保护区,虽然海拔只相差60~70 m,但随着海拔的升高,土壤水分减少。水分变化引起群落组成和叶片功能性状的变化,因此海拔是影响叶性状的主要驱动因子。[ Objective ] This article investigated the influence of topographic factors on leaf traits of different forest plant communities in Daqinggou Nature Reserve in order to reveal the main driving topographic factors that influence the leaf functional traits. [ Method ] Ulmus macrocarpa, Quercus mongolica, and Fraxinus mandshurica in Daqinggou Nature Reserve were selected as research objects. Each community type was set five fixed sample plots of 20 m × 20 m. In the plots the leaves of the species whose important values were greater than 0. 1 were collected. The leaf thickness, the specific leaf area, the leaf dry matter content, the leaf size and the leaf dry mass of the dominant species in different community types were measured. The Pearson correlation analysis and stepwise regression analysis were used to study the relationship between the different leaf traits of dominant species in the different community types and topographical factors. [ Result] The Pearson correlation analysis showed that there was a significant negative correlation between the specific leaf area and altitude, and a significant positive correlation between the specific leaf area and the slope position. There was significant positive correlation between leaf dry matter content and altitude, and a significant negative correlation between leaf dry matter content and the slope position, regardless of all the dominant species or the different growth forms. Thestepwise regression analysis further indicated that altitude was the primary factor influencing all the leaf traits except leaf size of all the dominant species, leaf thickness and leaf dry mass of shrub species, and leaf thickness of herb species, which were influenced by slope position and the standard partial regression coefficient was 0. 259, - 0. 508, - 0. 467 and 0. 410, respectively. The standard partial regression coefficient was 0. 285, - 0. 438, 0. 504 and 0. 146 respectively for the leaf thickness, the specific leaf area, the leaf dry matter content and the leaf dry mass of all

关 键 词：大青沟自然保护区 森林群落 优势种 叶性状 地形因子 

分 类 号：S718.54[农业科学—林学]