三维地形实体模型自动建模技术研究  

Automatic Modeling Technology of 3D Terrain Solid Model

作　　者：义崇政[1] 廉光伟 付海龙[1] 柳华桥 

机构地区：[1]天津市测绘院,天津300381

出　　处：《测绘地理信息》2017年第3期29-33,共5页Journal of Geomatics

摘　　要：针对三维地形实体模型手工建模效率低的情形,对已有的1∶2 000地形图Shape格式系统数据进行处理,在OSG三维平台中由几何建模算法和纹理映射方案自动生成与地形图几何精度一致且拓扑关系正确的道路、水系、绿化、街区、建筑底座等多个图层的三维实体模型。利用GDAL访问DEM数据,结合建模引擎为三维地形实体模型添加高程信息,生成能反映实际高程起伏的三维模型。程序自动生成的模型与手工制作的模型效果接近,能满足大部分三维应用。由已有的二维GIS数据自动生成三维实体模型,充分利用了已有基础数据,且比手工建模节约了大量时间,为三维地形数据制作及更新提供了强有力的支持,同时降低了三维建模的难度,为不会使用3D建模软件的工作人员提供了三维建模的可能。Aimed at the low efficiency of 3D solid terrain modeling by manual method, and through processing the ex- isting 1 ： 2 000 topographic map data in Shape format, a three-dimensional solid model is generated automatically by geometry modeling algorithms and texture mapping technolo gy in OSG platform, which has the same geometric precision and topology with the 2D GIS topographic data. The genera- ted model would be classified to many layers, such as roads, river system, greening, building bottom and so on. By ac- cessing DEM data with GDAL and adding elevation informa- tion for three-dimensional terrain model with modeling en- gine, a 3D terrain solid model is created to reflect the actual elevation undulating. The effect of automatically generated model is closed to that of the handmade model which can be used in most 3D applications. Automatically generating three-dimensional solid model by the existing two-dimension- al GIS data, makes a good use of the existing data, saves a lot of time than the manual method and provides a strong support to generating and updating 3D terrain data. It also makes possibility for those who are not familiar with 3D modeling software to make beautiful 3D model, and reduces the difficulty of three-dimensional modeling.

关 键 词：自动建模 三维地形 纹理库 GDAL GIS DEM OSG 

分 类 号：P208[天文地球—地图制图学与地理信息工程] TP391.9[天文地球—测绘科学与技术]