脑力疲劳对飞行员功能状态的影响及其评定  

Influence and evaluation of pilots' performance status under mental fatigue

作　　者：范洁怡 程珊[2] 杨克俭[3] 谢满江[4] 李金声[1] 胡文东[2] 

机构地区：[1]第四军医大学航空航天医学系卫生学教研室,西安710032 [2]第四军医大学航空航天医学系装备教研室,西安710032 [3]第四军医大学航空航天医学系功效教研室,西安710032 [4]第四军医大学航空航天医学系生理学教研室,西安710032

出　　处：《空军医学杂志》2017年第2期73-75,共3页Medical Journal of Air Force

基　　金：全军重大专项课题(AWS12J003)

摘　　要：目的通过对比海军航空兵在完成飞行任务前后反应时和静态立位平衡能力的变化情况评估九灯反应时测试和静态立位平衡测试对脑力疲劳的敏感程度,为建立客观监测飞行人员功能状态的有效指标提供可行性建议。方法在飞行前后对飞行人员进行九灯反应时测试和静态立位平衡测试,静态立位平衡测试包括睁眼站立和睁眼站立于脚垫上2种姿势。九灯反应时测试的分析指标为正确率、第一反应答题平均时间和正确答题平均时间;静态立位平衡测试的分析指标为姿势晃动轨迹的总轨迹长(whole path length,WPL)、有效值面积(effective value area,EVA)、重心轨迹的外周面积(circumference area,CA)、单位面积轨迹长(unit area path length,UAPL)。通过对数据进行整理,采用独立样本t检验进行统计分析。结果在飞行任务完成后,九灯反应时测试中第一反应答题平均时间和正确答题平均时间均有明显延长(P<0.05),正确率无明显改变。静态立位平衡测试的各项指标晃动轨迹有一定的变化趋势,但差异无统计学意义。结论反应时是脑力疲劳状态评估的敏感性指标,静态平衡能力是否可以作为分析脑力疲劳状态的客观指标仍需不断完善研究,为客观评估功能状态提供科学依据。Objective To make a comparative analysis of the changes of reaction time and static postural ability in the state of mental fatigue induced by fight mission and assess the sensitivity of postural ability test and reaction time test in order to help establish objective indexes for monitoring the performance status of pilots.MethodsBefore and after the flight, nine-light reaction test and static balance test were performed on pilots, involving standing straight on the test platform while looking ahead（NO）and standing on pillows with eyes open. Analysis indicators of reaction time test were the correct answer rate, the average time before the first response to a question and the average time taken to give a correct answer. Analysis indicators of postural ability test were the whole path length, effective value area, circumference area and unit area path length. The data was processed using independent sample T test statistical analysis.ResultsAfter flight missions, the average time before the first response to a question and the average time taken to give a correct answer changed（P〈0.05）, but there was no obvious change in the correct answer rate. The moving trajectory of all indicators of static balance test tended to change, but the difference was not statistically significant.Conclusion Reaction time is sensitive indicator of the state of mental fatigue, and whether static balance ability can serve as an index of mental fatigue needs to be further studied.

关 键 词：脑力疲劳 反应时 静态平衡能力 飞行员 

分 类 号：R857.1[医药卫生—航空、航天与航海医学]