中华水韭对不同营养条件的生理生态响应  

Physiological and Ecological Responses in Leaves of Isoetes sinensis under Different Nutritional Conditions

作　　者：庄枫红 马姜明[1,2] 覃扬浍 梅军林 于方明[3] 

机构地区：[1]广西师范大学生命科学学院,广西桂林541006 [2]珍稀濒危动植物生态与环境保护教育部重点实验室,广西桂林541006 [3]广西师范大学环境与资源学院,广西桂林541006

出　　处：《西北植物学报》2017年第4期705-712,共8页Acta Botanica Boreali-Occidentalia Sinica

基　　金：广西自然科学基金(2014GXNSSFAA118108);国家自然科学基金(31660197);中国地质科学院岩溶生态系统与石漠化治理重点开放实验室基金(KERDC201101);广西研究生教育创新计划(YCSZ2016047)

摘　　要：采用水培法,研究了不同营养条件对中华水韭叶片生理生化特性和光合荧光特性的影响。结果显示:随着营养液中氮、磷浓度的升高,中华水韭叶片的生理生化特性除叶绿素含量呈下降的变化趋势外,可溶性糖、丙二醛、脯氨酸含量、过氧化氢酶活性(CAT)均呈上升趋势,而过氧化物酶活性(POD)则呈先上升后下降的趋势;同时叶片光合荧光特性中除非光化学猝灭系数(qN)呈上升的趋势外,PSⅡ的最大量子产量(Fv/Fm)、有效量子产量(Yield)、光化学猝灭系数(qP)、最大潜在相对电子传递速率(Pm)以及快速光响应曲线初始斜率(α)和半饱和光强(Ik)均呈下降的趋势。研究表明,随着水体氮、磷浓度的升高,中华水韭在中度营养条件下(N 0.4mg·L^(-1)、P0.04mg·L^(-1))耐受性较好,但在高营养条件下(N 1.2mg·L^(-1)、P 0.12mg·L^(-1))耐受性较差,其渗透调节能力和抗氧化能力上升,但光合作用能力下降,抑制了中华水韭的正常光合生理活动,进而影响其生长,推测水体富营养化可能是造成中华水韭濒危的重要原因之一。Hydroponic culture was conducted to study the effect of different nutritional conditions on the growth of Isoetes sinensis.The paper examined the changing rule of physiological and biochemical characteristics and photosynthetic fluorescence characteristics.The results showed that the chlorophyll content decreased but other physiological and biochemical indexes including soluble sugar content,malondialdehyde（MDA）content,proline（PRO）content,catalase（CAT）activity gradually increased as N and P concentrations increased in nutrient solution.And the peroxidase（POD）activity increased at the beginning then decreased.Among the photosynthetic fluorescence characteristics,the PSⅡ maximal quantum yield（Fv/Fm）,PSⅡ effective quantum yield（Yield）,photochemical quenching（qP）,higher potential maximum relative electron transfer rates（Pm）,initial slope of rapid light curve（α）and half-starved value of light intensity（Ik）gradually decreased with N and P concentrations increased,while non-photochemical quenching（qN）increased.We could conclude that Isoetes sinensis had a better tolerance to the stress ofthe medium nutrient condition but poor tolerance to the stress under the high nutrient condition with comparatively obvious physiological injury as N and P concentrations increased.The ability of osmotic adjustment and antioxidant capacity increased,but the photosynthesis capacity decreased with the high nutrient condition,The higher nitrogen and phosphorus could inhibit the physiological activities of Isoetes sinensis,and thus affected its growth.In terms of the possibility that one of the most important factors of endangerment of Isoetes sinensis attributes to the eutrophication water.

关 键 词：中华水韭 营养条件 生理生化特性 光合荧光特性 

分 类 号：Q945.79[生物学—植物学]