太岳山主要树种空间分布格局及其维持机制研究  

Study on the Spatial Distribution Patterns and Maintaining Mechanisms of Dominant Trees in Taiyue Mountain,Shanxi

作　　者：张甍[1] 李婷婷[1] 张钦弟[1] 毕润成[1] 

机构地区：[1]山西师范大学生命科学学院,山西临汾041004

出　　处：《西北植物学报》2017年第4期782-789,共8页Acta Botanica Boreali-Occidentalia Sinica

基　　金：山西省化学优势重点学科建设生态化学子项目(912019);山西省青年科技研究基金(2013021030-3)

摘　　要：该研究于2014年太岳山植被保护完好地区建立了CTFS技术规范的4hm2森林监测样地,调查并鉴定了样地内胸径(DBH)大于1cm的木本植物,分析样地内的群落组成,对样地中的主要乔木树种分为幼树(1cm≤DBH≤10cm)、小树(10cm<DBH≤30cm)和成年树(DBH>30cm)3个生长阶段,并在去除空间异质性的基础上,采用不规则区域中的点格局分析方法,定量分析样地中主要树种在0~100m尺度上的空间分布格局;用双关联函数^g(r)研究了种群不同生长阶段的格局类型,探讨太岳山主要树种的空间分布格局产生和维持的机理,以明确该区物种的生态适应对策和种群动态。结果显示:(1)样地内共有木本植物9 698株,其中包括枯立木209株;该区群落的主要优势物种为辽东栎(Quercus wutaishanica)、白桦(Betula platyphylla)、油松(Pinus tabulaeformis)、鹅耳枥(Carpinus turczaninowii)、野山楂(Crataegus cuneata)、色木槭(Acer mono)。(2)研究区主要树种以聚集型分布为主,加入枯立木后,种群聚集程度降低并趋于随机分布。(3)^g(r)函数分析表明,样地内种群不同生长阶段的个体呈现出随年龄增加聚集程度降低的规律,这种变化过程是对种群本身的生物学特性和环境条件的综合反应。研究结果初步确定,太岳山研究区存在一定程度的密度制约效应。Based on 4hm^2 well-preserved forest plots in the present CTFS technical standards in Taiyue Mountain,which was established in 2014,the thesis aims at investigating and characterizing wooden plants with diameter breast heights（DBH） 〉1cm,and finally analyzing the community composition of the sample plot.Altogether 9 698 wooden plants,209 dead trees included,were investigated.The dominant populations were divided into three growth stages：saplings（1cm≤DBH≤10cm）,juveniles（10cm〈DBH≤30cm）,and adult trees（DBH〉30cm）.Point pattern analyze in irregular area were used on the basis of removal of spatial heterogeneity.The spatial distribution pattern of dominant trees from 0-100 m was explored quantitatively and then the effects of dead trees on their spatial patterns were discussed.In addition,pattern type in different growth periods was measured by pair-correlation g（r）function to ex-plore the spatial distribution patterns and maintaining mechanisms of dominant trees in Taiyue Mountain as well as the ecology adaptability strategy and the population dynamics.The results of the study were as follows：（1）Quercus wutaishanica,Betula platyphylla,Carpinus turczaninowii,Acer mono,Crataegus cuneata and Pinus tabulaeformis are major dominant species.（2）The main tree species showed aggregated pattern in the sample plot,and the dead trees could weaken the degree of aggregation,tending towards random distribution.（3）The pair-correlation g（r）function showed that the cluster degree of every individual in different growth periods decreased with age.And this transformation is a kind of a comprehensive reflection on biological properties and environmental condition of the population.Based on the survey,a preliminary conclusion was drawn that there are some kind of density restriction effect in the sample plot.

关 键 词：空间分布格局 维持机制 种群结构和动态 密度制约 生态适应对策 

分 类 号：Q948.157[生物学—植物学]