中国人体免疫预防存在的问题及立法建议  

Problems and legislative suggestions on human immune prevention in China

作　　者：虞海燕[1] 杨劼[2] 

机构地区：[1]武汉铁路局武汉疾病预防控制所,湖北武汉430010 [2]武汉铁路局劳动和卫生处

出　　处：《中国公共卫生管理》2017年第2期156-159,共4页Chinese Journal of Public Health Management

摘　　要：中国免疫规划在过去的数十年中已取得了众多瞩目的成就,但依然面临着持续的挑战。近年来,各地疫苗安全事件不时发生,尤以第二类疫苗为甚。文章分析了其中的原因,如疫苗供应制度设计存在缺陷、监管不力、冷链管理存在薄弱环节、疫苗接种单位设立不规范、多联疫苗开发不足、免疫预防违法成本低、司法救济制度缺失等,提出了制定《中华人民共和国人体免疫预防法》,确立我国免疫预防的基本法律规范,将免疫预防纳入的科学化、制度化、规范化和法制化管理轨道等建议。Many remarkable successes in immunization program had been achieved in past several decades in China, but there were many substantial challenges have to face. Some vaccine safety incidents had happened from time to time in some provinces of China in recent years, especially in the second type of vaccine. The causes including the defect of vaccine supply system,poor job in supervision, weakness in linkage of cold chain management, setting up non-standardized vaccination points,lack of multiple vaccine development, low cost of illegal in vaccination and deficiency of the judicial relief system were analyzed. Some suggestions, such as the establishment of human immune prevention law of People＇s Republic of China, the establishment of basic legal norms of immunization prevention in China, and making the immune prevention into scientific, institutionalization, standardization and legalization management were also put forward in the paper.

关 键 词：疫苗 接种 制度建设 监管机制 立法 

分 类 号：R186[医药卫生—流行病学]