极端气候事件与旱涝灾害研究回顾与展望  

Study on extreme climate events and drought/flood disasters: Review and Prospect

作　　者：徐宗学[1,2] 刘琳[1,2] 杨晓静[1,2] 

机构地区：[1]北京师范大学水科学研究院,北京100875 [2]教育部水沙科学重点实验室,北京100875

出　　处：《中国防汛抗旱》2017年第1期66-74,共9页China Flood & Drought Management

摘　　要：气候变化导致极端气候事件,尤其是干旱、洪涝灾害的发生频率和强度增加,对人们生产和生活造成严重影响。近年来,极端气候事件的研究受到越来越多的关注,极端气候事件的定义、相关指数和时空变化趋势等研究较多;极端气候事件所引起的旱涝灾害的研究内容,基于旱涝指数的研究相对成熟,其他方面的研究还不够完善。本文主要对极端气候事件的定义和研究内容以及气候变化背景下,由极端气候事件引起的旱涝灾害研究现状进行总结。同时对极端气候事件,尤其是旱涝灾害的发生机理、监测、模拟及其对气候变化的响应与预测预报方面的研究进行展望,讨论了未来需要加强研究的主要方向。Climate change leads to the increase of extreme climate events, especially the frequency and intensity of drought/ flood disasters, which have a serious impact on our production and life. In recent years, the study of extreme climate events received more and more attention. The definition of extreme climate events, correlated index and the trend of spatiotemporal change are mainly studied. The research content of drought and flood disasters caused by extreme climate events mostly based on drought/flood index is relatively mature, other aspects of the research is still not perfect. This paper mainly summarize the definition and research content of extreme climate events, also to summarize the current research status of drought/flood disasters caused by it under the background of climate change. Besides, this paper anticipates the prospect of the extreme climate events, especially occurrence mechanism of drought and flood disaster, drought/ flood monitoring, simulation, response to climate change and prediction. The research directions that need to be strengthened in the future are also discussed.

关 键 词：极端气候事件 旱涝灾害 研究进展 旱涝指数 

分 类 号：P426.616[天文地球—大气科学及气象学]