医院内皮肤撕裂伤现患率及流行特征的多中心横断面调查  

Multicenter cross-sectional survey on prevalence and epidemiologic features of Skin Tears in hospitals

作　　者：蒋琪霞[1] 江智霞[2] 郑美春[3] 郭艳侠[1] 吴越香[4] 唐永利[5] 付红英[6] 陈丽娟[7] 李玉红[8] 封海霞[9] 陈玉盘[10] 沈定玉[11] 潘迎春[12] 贾静[13] 朱亚君 

机构地区：[1]南京军区南京总医院门诊伤口护理中心,南京市210002 [2]遵义医学院附属医院护理部 [3]广州中山大学附属肿瘤医院 [4]宁夏医科大学总医院伤口门诊 [5]重庆医科大学附属第一院骨科 [6]贵州省人民医院外科 [7]厦门大学附属中山医院外科 [8]唐山工人医院肿瘤科 [9]东南大学附属中大医院内科 [10]湖南省肿瘤医院外科 [11]苏州市立医院护理部 [12]安庆市第一人民医院护理部 [13]镇江市第一人民医院护理部 [14]靖江市第一人民医院护理部

出　　处：《中国护理管理》2017年第5期631-636,共6页Chinese Nursing Management

基　　金：南京军区医药卫生科研基金课题(MS117)

摘　　要：目的:调研医院内皮肤撕裂伤流行特征,为有效预防和管理提供依据。方法:14所三级甲等医院参与多中心横断面调研,964名受训合格护士使用一致的调研工具、方法和流程,在同一时间内对住院时间≥24h、年龄≥18岁并知情同意的患者从头到脚检查皮肤,判断皮肤撕裂伤严重度分级、部位和损伤原因。结果:共获得18 806例有效资料,皮肤撕裂伤现患率为1.06%(199/18 806),均为院内获得,男性高于女性(P<0.05),≥60岁者高于<60岁者(P<0.05);住院时间越长发生率越高(P<0.05),有发生压疮的危险、低蛋白血症、贫血以及有撕裂伤史者发生率较高(P<0.05)。严重度以3级为主,占48.74%。结论:医院内皮肤撕裂伤均发生于住院期间,有发生压疮的危险、撕裂伤史以及营养不良、老年和住院时间较长者是重点预防对象。Objective： To investigate the epidemiologic features of Skin Tears in hospitalized patients, and to provide references for effective wound prevention and management. Methods： We recruited 14 tertiary hospitals to participate in the multicenter cross-sectional survey. Totally 964 trained nurses inspected the skin from head to toes and assessed severity classification, location, injury causes among hospitalized patients who stayed in hospital ≥ 24 hours, were 18 years old, and signed informed consent using same tool, methods and process in same time duration. Results： We got 18 806 effective patients. The Skin Tears＇ prevalence was 1.06% （199/18 806）. Prevalence of Skin Tears for male was more than that for female （P〈0.05）. The prevalence of patients with ≥ 60 years old were higher than that in patients with 〈60 years old （P〈0.05）. The patients with longer hospitalized stay had higher incidence of Skin Tears （P〈0.05）. The incidences of Skin Tears for patients with risk of pressure ulcer, low albumin, anemia and Skin Tear history were obviously higher （P〈0.05）. Skin Tears severity of the third grade was 48.74%. Conclusion： All of Skin Tears in hospitals were hospital-acquired. Patients with risk of pressure ulcer, low albumin, anemia, Skin Tear history and long hospitalized stay were the key persons to prevent skin tear.

关 键 词：皮肤撕裂伤 横断面研究 现患率 发生率 流行特征 

分 类 号：R47[医药卫生—护理学]