椎动脉沟环三维CT相关影像解剖与研究  

Imaging anatomy and research of ponticulus posticus with three-dimensional CT

作　　者：赵文俊[1] 邓丽珠[1] 段少银[1] 钟华[1] 陈雍君[1] 

机构地区：[1]福建省厦门市厦门大学附属中山医院影像科,361004

出　　处：《中国临床实用医学》2017年第1期27-32,共6页China Clinical Practical Medicine

基　　金：国家自然科学基金（30870690）,厦门市科技计划项目（3502220144025）

摘　　要：目的 利用三维CT显示寰椎椎动脉沟环（PP）,进行PP分类与解剖测量,为相关应用提供解剖学基础.方法 收集2008年1月至2014年12月厦门大学附属中山医院影像科PACS系统中进行头颈部CT血管成像（CTA）检查及三维重建数据的63例PP患者的临床资料,进行三维影像解剖显示与测量,测量参数包括PP前后径（AD）、上下径（VD）、椎动脉V3段直径（D-VA）、PP最高点到相应侧枕骨的距离（D-RO）、PP到正中线的距离（D-RL）、寰椎后弓结节到枕骨的距离（D-NO）.结果 三维CT显示PP变异共63例,男53例,女10例.左侧PP 49例,完整型23例、不完整型26例;右侧PP 55例,完整型22例,不完整型33例.左侧PP测量值AD、VD、BD、D-VA、D-RO、D-NO、D-RL分别为（5.02±1.17）、（3.59±1.26）、（3.91±2.51）、（3.88±0.78）、（2.15±2.58）、（18.62±3.01）mm;右侧PP分别为（5.13±1.29）、（3.87±0.88）、（4.02±2.77）、（3.59±0.89）、（2.14±2.63）、（4.89±3.36）、（18.89±3.74）mm.统计学比较显示,PP的AD均值〉VD、D-VA值,双侧PP的BD均值〉单侧,且〉D-VA值,单侧PP的BD值〈D-VA值;完整型PP的VD、D-RL值〈不完整型,完整型PP的D-RO、D-NO值〉不完整型.结论 CT三维成像显示PP形态与椎动脉等结构清楚、直观,PP发生率男性多于女性;左右侧PP的分型、发生率、大小形态相仿.PP的AD值〉VD值,其影响VA值上下活动,完整型PP更明显.双侧PP的不完整型开口较单侧大,可能与退化演变有关.Objective To use three-dimensional CT display ponticulus posticus（PP）,make the classification and measurement of PP,and provide the anatomical basis for the related application. Methods A total of 63 cases of PP were found from CT angiography （ CTA ） of head and neck in our hospital of PACS system from January 2008 to December 2014. On the three-dimensional images,these parameters of PP were measured,including the anteroposterior diameter（AD）,vertical diameter（VD）,breakpoint dis-tance（ BD） ,third segment diameter of VA（ D-VA） ,the distance between peak of groove ring and occipital （ D-RO） ,the distance of groove ring to midline diameter（ D-RL） ,distance from posterior arch nodule of at-las to the occipital bone（ D-NO） . Results Three-dimensional CT found the PP in 63 cases with 104 sides, which male of 53 cases,female of 10 cases,left side PP of 49 sides,including the complete type of 23 sides and incomplete type 26 and the right PP of 55 sides,including complete type 22 sides and incomplete type 33. In the left PP, measurements of AD,VD,BD,D-VA,D-RO,D-NO and D-RL were（5. 02 ± 1. 17） mm, （3.59 ±1.26）mm,（3.91 ±2.51）mm,（3.88 ±0.78）mm,（2.15 ±2.58）mm,（18.62 ±3.01）mm and （5.19 ±3.32）mm,respectively,the right PP were（5.13 ±1.29）mm,（3.87 ±0.88）mm,（4.02 ±2.77） mm,（3. 59 ± 0. 89） mm,（2. 14 ± 2. 63） mm,（4. 89 ± 3. 36） mm,（18. 89 ± 3. 74） mm and（4. 8 ± 3. 36） mm,respectively. Statistical comparison showed that AD of PP was greater than VD,D-VA,bilateral BD of PP was greater than that of the unilateral and D-VA,while unilateral BD of PP was less than D-VA,VD,D-RL of complete type PP were less than that of incomplete,D-RO,D-NO of complete type PP were greater than that of incomplete. Conclusion CT three-dimensional imaging can clearly and directly display the PP. Incidence of PP in the male is more than the female. The typing,incidence,size and shape of PP in the left are similar the right. AD of PP is greater than V

关 键 词：椎动脉沟环 椎动脉 解剖测量 三维CT 

分 类 号：R816[医药卫生—放射医学]