三亚芒果主产区土壤养分现状评价与叶片矿质养分相关性分析  

Evaluation and Analysis of Relationship between Soil Nutrients and Mineral Nutrients in Main Mango Producing Areas of Sanya

作　　者：姚智[1] 康专苗 白亭玉 陈瑞州 李华东 仇海威 林电[1] 

机构地区：[1]海南大学农学院,海南海口570228 [2]贵州省亚热带作物研究所,贵州兴义562400 [3]中国热带农业科学院香料饮料研究所,海南万宁571533 [4]中化化肥有限公司海南分公司,海南海口570228

出　　处：《西南农业学报》2017年第4期803-810,共8页Southwest China Journal of Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：中央公益性行业(农业)科研专项经费"芒果产业技术研究与示范"(201203092-4-3);海南大学中西部计划学科重点领域建设项目(ZXBJH-XK003);2016年度海南大学重点扶持学科农业资源与环境项目支持

摘　　要：【目的】研究三亚芒果主产区土壤养分丰缺及与树体矿质养分相关性,以期掌握芒果园土壤肥力现状,为科学、合理制定三亚芒果主产区的施肥策略奠基础。【方法】通过对三亚芒果主产区育才镇、立才农场、崖城、农综及永介等主产区芒果园0~20、20~40 cm土层采集的103个土壤样品和相应采样果树叶片样品进行养分测定分析。【结果】研究发现,芒果园土壤pH均值为5.66,果园土壤呈酸性;果园有机质含量(10.16~21.60 g·kg^(-1))偏低,随土层加深而降低,各地果园有机质含量基本为三级及以下水平;果园土壤全氮含量(0.37~1.29 g·kg^(-1))较低,基本在三级及以下水平;土壤速效钾(平均值为210.75 mg·kg^(-1))、速效磷(平均值为39.69 mg·kg^(-1))含量较高,大部分土壤在三级及以上水平范围;芒果园土壤交换性钙含量(381.42~1897.92 mg·kg^(-1))较丰富,交换性镁含量(24.87~234.54 mg·kg^(-1))较低,钙、镁含量随土层加深而降低,硫含量随土层深度增加而升高;芒果园微量元素含量比较丰富,微量元素含量均随土层的加深而减少;果园土壤养分含量与叶片矿质元素含量的相关性较强,叶片镁、叶片硫分别与土壤全氮、土壤速效磷、交换性钙、交换性镁、有效铁均呈显著正相关关系,相关系数均为1.000;叶片镁、叶片硫含量与土壤有效锰、有效锌含量呈显著负相关关系,相关系数均为-1.000;叶片锰含量与土壤pH、土壤碱解氮、土壤有效硼含量呈显著正相关关系(相关系数为1.000),叶片锰含量与土壤有机质、土壤速效钾、有效硫含量呈显著负相关关系(-1.000)。【结论】三亚芒果园土壤有机质、土壤氮(全氮、碱解氮)含量均较低,土壤速效磷和速效钾含量比较丰富,交换性镁含量较低;芒果园土壤微量元素含量丰富。根据本调查研究,建议果园生产中以基肥为主,增施有机肥,适当增加氮肥,多施镁肥。在施肥时应根[ Objective] In order to master the status of soil fertility in mango orchard, and lay the foundation for scientific and rational formulation of fertilization strategies in the main producing areas of mango, the relationship between soil nutrient and nutrient content of mango in the main producing areas of Sanya Mango was studied. [ Method] 103 soil samples collected from 0 -20 cm and 20 -40 cm layer of mango orchards in Yucai, Liancheng, Yacheng, Yangsong and other major producing areas of Sanya Mango were analyzed. [ Results ] Soil pH value was 5.66 ; orchard organic matter content （ 10.16 - 21.60 g·kg^-1 ） is low, and decreased with soil depth, organic matter content is around the third level or below ; Soil total nitrogen （0.37 - 1.29 g·kg^-1） was low, which was basically below the third grade. Soil available potassium and available phosphorus, most in the third level or above, were high. Soil exchangeable calcium content （381.42 -1897.92mg·kg^-1） was abundant, the content of exchangeable magnesium （24.87 - 234.54 mg·kg^-1 ） with low content of calcium and magnesium decreased with depth, and the sulfur content increased with the increase of soil depth ; The trace elements were rich in mango orchard, and the contents of trace elements decreased with the soil depth, and the correlation between soil nutrient content and fruit mineral elements content was strong, There was a significantly positive correlation between the contents of magnesium, leaf sulfur and soil total nitrogen, soil available phosphorus, exchangeable calcium, exchangeable magnesium and available iron, and the correlation coefficients were 1. 000. There was a significant negatively correlation between the contents of available Mn and available Zn in soil, and the correlation coefficient was - 1. 000. The content of Mn in leaves was positively correlated with soil pH, soil available nitrogen and soil available boron content （ -1. 000）. The Mn content in leaves was negatively correlated with soil organic matter, soil availa

关 键 词：三亚市 芒果园 土壤养分 肥力状况 评价 

分 类 号：S667.7[农业科学—果树学] S158.3[农业科学—园艺学]