营养干预在阿尔茨海默病住院患者中的应用效果  

Application effect of nursing intervention in patients with Alzheimer＆#39;s disease

作　　者：孟伟[1] 李钦云[2] 赵晶[2] 

机构地区：[1]北京老年医院精神心理一科,100095 [2]北京老年医院老年科,100095

出　　处：《中华现代护理杂志》2017年第5期681-684,共4页Chinese Journal of Modern Nursing

摘　　要：目的 探讨营养干预在阿尔茨海默病（AD）住院患者中的应用效果.方法 选取2014年1月—2015年12月在北京老年医院的中、重度AD住院患者120例,随机分为干预组和对照组,各60例.对照组进行疾病的常规治疗,干预组在此基础上进行为期12周的营养干预.对两组患者进行MMSE（简明精神状态量表）和ADL（日常生活能力）基线评定,并进行营养指标基线评估,包括血红蛋白、总蛋白、白蛋白、前白蛋白和BMI.干预后比较两组患者的上述指标情况,以及照料者负担、跌倒人次、感染人次、死亡人次.结果 干预后干预组患者的血红蛋白、总蛋白、白蛋白、前白蛋白和BMI与高于对照组,差异有统计学意义（P＜0.05）;干预后干预组MMSE、ADL得分高于对照组,照料者负担（CBI）得分低于对照组,差异有统计学意义（P＜0.05）.干预后干预组跌倒人次、感染人次、死亡例数低于对照组,差异有统计学意义（P＜0.05）.结论 对中、重度AD住院患者采取个体化的营养干预,可以改善患者的营养状态,减少院内感染、跌到的发生,降低死亡率,同时还对提高患者日常生活能力,减轻照料者负担具有重要的临床意义.Objective To explore the application effect of nursing intervention in patients with Alzheimer＇s disease （AD）.Methods Totally 120 cases of patients with moderate or severe AD in Beijing Geriatric Hospital were selected and randomly divided into the intervention group and the control group,with 60 cases in each group. Patients in the control group received conventional treatment,while patients in the intervention group received 12 weeks＇ nutrition intervention on the basis of conventional treatment. Mini-mental state examination （MMSE） and activities of daily living （ADL） baseline were assessed,and the baseline of nutrition indicators was assessed,including hemoglobin,total protein,albumin,prealbumin and body mass index （BMI）. Indicators above were compared between two groups after intervention,and the caregiver burden inventory （CBI）,falling attendances,infections,and deaths were also compared.Results After intervention, the hemoglobin,total protein,albumin,prealbumin and BMI of patients in the intervention group were higher than the control group （P〈0.05）;the MMSE score and ADL score in the intervention group after intervention were higher than the control group;the CBI score in the intervention group was lower than the control group （P〈0.05）;the falling attendances,infections and deaths in the intervention group were lower than the control group （P〈0.05）.Conclusions Individualized nutritional intervention in patients with moderate or severe AD,can improve the nutritional status of patients,reduce the occurrence of nosocomial infection,reduce the incidence of falling down and mortality. The nutritional intervention also has great clinical significance in improving patients＇ ADL and reducing caregivers＇ burden.

关 键 词：阿尔茨海默病 营养不良 营养干预 

分 类 号：R473.74[医药卫生—护理学]