金华市冬季大气颗粒物PM_(2.5)中多环芳烃的污染现状及健康风险评价  

Pollution characteristics and health risk assessment of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in atmospheric fine particulates PM_(2.5) in Jinhua City

作　　者：刘聪聪[1] 杨新亚[1] 宋睿 郭婷[1] 于海瀛[1] 田福林 

机构地区：[1]浙江师范大学地理与环境科学学院,金华321004 [2]辽宁省清洁生产指导中心,沈阳110161 [3]辽宁省分析科学研究院,沈阳110015

出　　处：《科学通报》2017年第12期1285-1291,共7页Chinese Science Bulletin

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(21307051;21677133);国家级大学生创新创业训练计划(201610345007);浙江省大学生科技创新活动计划暨新苗人才计划(2016R404020)资助

摘　　要：多环芳烃(PAHs)是大气细颗粒物PM_(2.5)中典型的有毒有害物质,具有"三致"效应.为了解金华市PM_(2.5)中PAHs的污染特征,明确关键污染源,于2013年12月~2014年1月采集了金华市冬季大气PM_(2.5)样品,采用GC-MS/MS方法分析了16种优控PAHs.结果显示,冬季PAHs的总质量浓度为62.75±27.87 ng m^(-3),浓度最高的4种PAHs分别为苯并(b)荧蒽(15.13%)>芘(13.05%)>荧蒽(12.47%)>屈(10.62%),占SPAHs的50%以上.利用比值法开展的来源解析表明,燃煤排放以及交通尾气特别是汽油车的排放是金华市大气PAHs的主要污染源.终生致癌风险评价模型(ILCR)的评价结果显示,ILCR值介于10^(-6)~10^(-5),金华市大气PAHs存在较低的致癌风险.Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons（PAHs） are persistent toxic substances with teratogenic, carcinogenic and mutagenic properties. They are widely detected in atmospheric fine particulates PM（2.5）. Measuring the concentrations of PAHs in PM（2.5） is helpful to understand their pollution levels, environmental sources and fates, which further provides important information for pollution prevention and ecological risk assessment. As semi-volatile organic chemicals, PAHs could partition between air and atmospheric particulates when they are released into the atmosphere. Most of 16 priority PAHs, especially PAHs with 4–6 aromatic rings, mainly exist in particulates, which are frequently taken as research targets for source analysis. Jinhua city locates in the center of Zhejiang Province, and is an important transportation hub in East China. The city air has been polluted by traffic exhaust and coal combustion. However, the atmospheric PAHs levels, pollution characteristics and risk to human health are still unknown. In this study, 30 PM（2.5） samples were collected during Dec. 2013–Jan. 2014 in winter atmosphere in Jinhua City. Then 16 priority PAHs were analyzed by GC-MS/MS. The-total average concentration of PAHs is 62.75±27.87 ng m^（-3）, and benzo（b）fluoranthene（15.13%）, pyrene（13.05%）, fluoranthene（12.47%） and chrysene（10.62%） have the highest concentrations, accounting for more than 50% percentage of（50）PAHs. The components distribution indicates 4-ring PAHs contribute the largest ratio（43.45%） in PM（2.5）, followed by 5-ring PAHs（39.78%） and 6-ring PAHs（8.43%）. Generally, 4-ring PAHs are characteristic emissions of coal combustion and vehicle exhaust mainly contain 5/6-ring PAHs. T-test shows the contents of 4-and 5/6-ring PAHs have no statistical variance（Sig=0.683）, indicating coal combustion and vehicle exhaust have similar contributions to the PAHs in PM（2.5）. This result was also proved by source apportionment which is carried out by analyzi

关 键 词：PM(2.5) 多环芳烃 来源分析 健康风险评价 

分 类 号：X513[环境科学与工程—环境工程]