氮肥运筹对机插双季晚粳稻产量和氮肥利用率的影响  

Effect of Nitrogen Application to Yield Development and Nitrogen Fertilizer Efficiency of Machine-transplanted Late Japonica Rice in Double-Season Rice System

作　　者：皮楚舒 程建平[2] 赵锋[2] 李阳[2] 汪本福[2] 张枝盛[2] 石后兴 徐顺文 

机构地区：[1]浠水县农业技术推广中心,湖北浠水438200 [2]粮食作物种质创新与遗传改良湖北省重点实验室/湖北省农业科学院粮食作物研究所,武汉430064 [3]阳新县农业局,湖北阳新435200

出　　处：《湖北农业科学》2017年第8期1474-1476,1585,共4页Hubei Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：国家重点研发计划项目(2016YFD0300908);国家重大科技专项(2013BAD07B00);国家水稻产业技术体系项目(CARS-01-04A)

摘　　要：考察氮肥运筹对机械插秧双季晚粳产量和氮肥利用率的影响。结果表明,T3(基肥、蘖肥和穗肥比例为5∶3∶2)有效穗数最高,实际产量也最高,达到599.5 kg/667 m^2,较T1(仅施基蘖肥)产量增加13.2%。随穗肥比例增加,水稻产量、生物量积累量和氮肥利用率均呈现先增后减的趋势,而茎鞘物质输出率(EPMSS)和转换率(TPMSS)逐渐减少。施氮处理齐穗后5 d灌浆速率均低于CK(不施氮),而后灌浆速率逐渐高于CK。总之,适当氮肥后移有利于提高水稻有效穗数、产量和氮肥利用率;氮肥在基肥、蘖肥和穗肥比例为5∶3∶2是机插双季晚粳最佳施氮模式。The research on the influence of the nitrogen application to yield and nitrogen efficiency of late japonica rice in double season cropping system with machine-transplanted seedling. The results showed that the T3（basal fertilizer, tiller fertilizer and panicle fertilizer proportion 5：3：2） as the highest effective panicles,actual yield was the highest,up to 599.5 kg/667 m2, and the T1 （only basal and tiller fertilizer） production increased by 13.2%. With the increase of panicle fertilizer proportion, the rice yield, biomass accumulation and agronomy utilization efficiency of nitrogen all showed a trend of first increasing after： decreases, and photosynthetic material transfer rate（EPMSS） and conversion rate（TPMSS） gradually reduced. Full panicle ni- trogen processing after 5 d grouting rate were lower than that of CK（no nitrogen fertilizer applied）, and then gradually higher than that of CK. Therefore, appropriate nitrogen back to improve the effective panicles of rice, yield and nitrogen utilization efficiency. The best mode of nitrogen application was that of basal fertilizer, tiller fertilizer and panicle fertilizer proportion 5： 3：2 for late japonica in double season cropping system with machinery-transplanted seedling.

关 键 词：双季晚粳稻 机插秧 氮肥运筹 

分 类 号：S511.22[农业科学—作物学] S511.33