自生黄铁矿的微生物成矿机理及对冷泉泄漏的指示意义  

MICRO-BIOMINERALIZAITON OF AUTHIGENIC PYRITE AND ITS IMPLICATIONS FOR SEAFLOOR COLD SEEPS

作　　者：张现荣[1,2,3] 孙治雷[2,3] 魏合龙[2,3] 张喜林[2,3] 王利波[2,3] 

机构地区：[1]中国海洋大学海洋地球科学学院,青岛266100 [2]国土资源部海洋油气资源与环境地质重点实验室,青岛266071 [3]中国地质调查局青岛海洋地质研究所,青岛266071

出　　处：《海洋地质与第四纪地质》2017年第2期25-32,共8页Marine Geology & Quaternary Geology

基　　金：鳌山科技创新计划项目(2015ASKJ03);国家自然科学基金项目(41376077;41606087);国土资源部海底矿产资源重点实验室开放基金(KLMMR-2015-B-10);中国地质调查局海洋地质调查计划项目(121201005000150015)

摘　　要：自生黄铁矿普遍存在于海洋沉积物中,其矿物学、地球化学及同位素组成均蕴含着丰富的环境信息,也是当前地球科学和微生物学交叉研究的典型矿物之一。以之既可用来恢复沉积、成岩环境的演化变迁,亦可为海洋油气和天然气水合物藏勘探、开发提供可靠依据。综述了海洋环境中自生黄铁矿形成机制、铁-硫同位素的分馏及生物地球化学过程及其在冷泉泄漏系统中的指示作用,并对当前围绕黄铁矿进行研究的几个焦点问题的进展进行了阐述,尤其是与引发广泛关注的天然气水合物动态变化间的关系。主要目的是促使更深入地了解黄铁矿的沉淀、成岩作用及环境指示意义,加强人们对微生物催化因素和冷泉泄漏区自生黄铁矿的关注程度。Authigenic pyrite is widespread in marine sediments as a typical mineral for study of diagenesis and microbioactivities,and the mineralogy,geochemistry and isotopic composition of the mineral are all closely related to the deposition environment.It is not only useful for reconstruction of the evolutionary history of the depositional and diagenetic environment,but can also provide reliable information for exploration of offshore oil and submarine gas hydrate.In this article,we summarized and reviewed the authigenic pyrite formation mechanism,Fe-S isotope fractionation,biogeochemical processes and it relationship with the cold seep system.Upon the basis,we also bring up some focal questions associated with authigenic pyrite,especially the connection with the dynamic changes of gas hydrate,for discussion.The aim of this paper is to deepen the understanding of precipitation and diagenesis of the authigenetic pyrite and its implications for sedimentation environment,know more about the microbial catalysis factor and the significance of cold seep leakage to authigenic pyrite generation.

关 键 词：自生黄铁矿 冷泉泄漏 铁-硫循环 甲烷厌氧氧化反应 

分 类 号：P736.3[天文地球—海洋地质]