小麦秸秆有机酸组分的GC-MS分析及其对牛筋草的化感效应  

GC-MS Analysis of Organic Acids in Wheat Straw and Allelopathic Effects on Goosegrass

作　　者：刘小民[1] 许贤[1] 李秉华[1] 王贵启[1] 张焕焕[1] LIU Xiao-min XU Xian LI Bing-hua WANG Gui-qi ZHANG Huan-huan(Institute of Cereal and Oil Crops, Hebei Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences, Shijiazhuang 050035, Chin)

机构地区：[1]河北省农林科学院粮油作物研究所,河北石家庄050035

出　　处：《河北农业科学》2016年第6期58-61,65,共5页Journal of Hebei Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：国家科技支撑计划项目(2012BAD19B02)

摘　　要：有机酸类化合物是重要的化感活性物质之一,为了明确小麦秸秆中有机酸类化合物的组分及其对牛筋草的化感效应,探讨其对牛筋草的化感作用机理,利用GC-MS方法对小麦秸秆不同部位的有机酸组分进行了定性和定量分析,结果表明,从小麦秸秆中共鉴定出22种有机酸组分,包含15种饱和脂肪酸、4种不饱和脂肪酸和3种酚酸,其中,从茎部鉴定出的有机酸种类最多,有17种,从穗部和根部各鉴定出11种。对水溶性有机酸的进一步分析结果表明,阿魏酸、柠檬酸、肉桂酸是小麦秸秆中含量较高的3种有机酸组分。利用室内生物测定法研究了外源有机酸标准品对牛筋草种子萌发及幼苗生长的影响,结果表明,阿魏酸和柠檬酸均对牛筋草种子萌发及胚轴生长具有"低促高抑"的浓度效应,肉桂酸对牛筋草种子萌发及胚根生长始终表现抑制作用,并且3种有机酸对牛筋草胚根生长的抑制作用显著高于胚轴。Organic acids are one of the most important allelochemicals. In order to determine the organic acids in wheat straw and evaluate its allelopathic effects on goosegrass,qualitative and quantitative analysis of organ-ic acids in roots, stems and spikes of wheat straw were conducted using the GC-MS method. The results showed that 22 organic acids were identified,including 15 saturated fatty acids,4 unsaturated fatty acids,and 3 phenolic acids. There were 17 organic acids in stems of wheat straw, and 11 organic acids in roots and spikes,separately. Water soluble organic acids analysis showed that there were high contents of ferulic acid, cinnamic acid and citric acid in wheat straw. Results of effects of exogenous organic acid standards on the ger-mination and seedling growth showed that ferulic acid and citric acid promoted the germination and hypocotyl growth of goosegrass at low concentrations,but inhibited it at high concentrations,but cinnamic acid always in-hibited the germination and radicle growth. The inhibition effects of three organic acids on the radicle growth were obviously larger than the hypocotyl.

关 键 词：小麦秸秆 GC-MS 有机酸 牛筋草 化感作用 

分 类 号：S512.1[农业科学—作物学]