施氏鲟、西伯利亚鲟及其杂交后代的繁殖性能、生长性能及抗病性能比较  

Comparison of Reproductive Performance,Growth Performance and Disease Resistance Performance among Acipenser schrencki,Acipenser baeri and Their Hybrid Offsprings

作　　者：齐茜[1,2] 刘浩浩[1] 李忠华 买丽坎.依不拉英 白喜军[1] 王文峰 刘晓勇[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国水产科学研究院鲟鱼繁育工程技术研究中心,北京100070 [2]河南科技大学,河南洛阳471023 [3]北京市房山区养殖服务中心,北京102400 [4]北京市房山水产技术推广站,北京102400

出　　处：《江西农业大学学报》2017年第2期376-383,共8页Acta Agriculturae Universitatis Jiangxiensis

基　　金：中国水产科学研究院科研业务费(2014C006);"十二五"农村领域国家科技计划课题(2015BAD25B01);水产种质资源平台项目(2016DKA30470)~~

摘　　要：针对施氏鲟(Acipenser schrencki)、西伯利亚鲟(A.baeri)及其杂交种施杂(史氏鲟♀×西伯利亚鲟♂)、西杂(西伯利亚鲟♀×史氏鲟♂)等4种鲟鱼的繁殖性能、生长性能、肌肉营养成份及抗病性能进行比较分析。结果显示:施氏鲟的绝对怀卵量为8~28万粒,西伯利亚鲟的绝对怀卵量为5~16万粒,4种鲟鱼的平均受精率为70%~90%,孵化率为60%~80%,其中施氏鲟平均受精率、孵化率最高;西杂的平均受精率和孵化率高于施杂。4种鲟鱼之间的平均开口率为85%~95%,其中西杂开口率最高,其次是施杂。4种鲟鱼之间的主要肌肉营养成份差异不明显(P>0.05)。2月龄时,西杂的成活率最高,4种鲟鱼生长速度基本一致,至12月龄时,2种杂交种的平均体长和体质量高于纯种施氏鲟和西伯利亚鲟(P>0.05)。2~12月龄,4种鲟鱼的a值约等于3,均属于等速生长,4种鲟鱼的肥满度为0.33~0.44。施杂、西杂在5个免疫组织的ACP、AKP、SOD活性高于2个纯种,而NO、MDA活性低于2个纯种。研究认为:施氏鲟和西伯利亚鲟的杂交后代是比较好的优势杂交组合,尤其是西杂。This study aimed to compare the reproductive performance, growth performance, muscle nutrition and disease resistance performance among four kinds of sturgeon （A. schrencki ,A. baeri ,A. schrencki ♀ x A. baeri ♂ （ simply called schhybrid） ,A.baeri ♀ x A.schrencki ♂ （ simply called baehybrid） .The Results showed ： the absolute fecundity of A.schrencki was 80 000-280 000 granules and that of A. baeri was 50 000-160 000 granules ; the average fertility rate of the four kinds of sturgeon was from 70% to 90%, the hatching rate from 60% to 80%, while the average fertilization rate and hatching rate of A. schrencki were the highest, and those of baehybrid was higher than those of schhybrid.The average opening rate of the four sturgeons was 85% -95%, and the highest was found in baehybrid, the next was in schhybrid.There was no significantly difference among the main muscle nutrition of the four sturgeons （P 〉 0.05 ）.When 2-month old,the survival rate of baehybrid was the highest;when 12-month old,the average body length and weight of the two hybrids were higher than those of A.schrencki and A.Baeri（P〉0.05 ）.The a value of the four sturgeons was approximately 3 when 2-12 month old, so they all belonged to the constant growth style.The condition factor （CF） of the four sturgeons was 0.33 to 0.44.The activities of ACP, AKP, SOD of five immune tissues in baehybrid and schhybrid were higher than those in A. schrencki and A. baeri, while the activities of NO, MDA were lower. The experiment results roughly showed that the hybrid offsprings of A. schrencki and A. baeri are good, especially baehybrid.

关 键 词：施氏鲟 西伯利亚鲟 杂交 繁殖性能 生长性能 抗病性能 

分 类 号：S965.215[农业科学—水产养殖]