我国农村留守妻子的分布与生存发展现状——基于2015年1%人口抽样调查数据的分析  

Study on the Distribution and Human Development of Left-behind Wives in Rural Areas:An Analysis of 1% Population Sampling Survey 2015

作　　者：段成荣[1] 秦敏[1] 吕利丹[1] DUAN Cheng- rong QIN Min LV Li-dan(Population and development research center of Renmin University of China, Beijing 100872)

机构地区：[1]中国人民大学人口与发展研究中心,北京100872

出　　处：《南方人口》2017年第2期34-49,共16页South China Population

基　　金：2011年度教育部人文社会科学重点研究基地重大项目<第二代移民研究>(11JJD840002)课题阶段成果

摘　　要：农村留守妻子是新农村建设的重要力量,也是农村留守家庭农业生产和生活中的核心劳动力,扮演着非常重要的角色。但当前她们在婚姻家庭、生产生活负担、自身的保障和发展等方面都面临一些困境和挑战,急需社会关注。基于此,本文分析了2015年我国留守妻子在规模、分布和社会经济特征上呈现的新特点;突出家庭的视角,通过留守家庭的居住安排和同住老人、子女的状况进一步剖析留守妻子在工作生活等方面面临的问题和困境。提出当前亟需开展全国留守妻子专项调查、增强留守妻子及其家庭的发展和建设能力、依托精准扶贫优先解决其生产和生活中突出困难、实现留守妻子及家庭帮扶常态化、体系化、制度化。The rural left-behind wives are main force in the construction of the rural communities and in the farming production and family lives. However they are facing the dilemmas and challenges in their marriage, family, production, lives, security and development. This paper analyzes the new characteristics of left-behind wives! scale, distribution and socio-economic status in 2015 and demonstrates the problems and difficulties in their life and work based on their living arrangement, the old need to support and care of children in the perspective of family life. It is urgent to have systematic investigation of the wives left behind in China and to strengthen their capacity of human development and to build normalized, systematized and institutionalized support system of the wives left behind relying on the national precise poverty relief strategy.

关 键 词：留守妻子 留守家庭 人口流动 居住安排 

分 类 号：C92-05[社会学—人口学]