现代语言学方法与中国古籍的辨伪与断代  

On Authenticating and Dating Ancient Chinese Texts with the Methodology of Modern Linguistics

作　　者：罗军凤[1] 

机构地区：[1]西安交通大学人文社会科学学院,陕西西安710049

出　　处：《西安交通大学学报（社会科学版）》2017年第3期93-101,共9页Journal of Xi'an Jiaotong University：Social Sciences

基　　金：国家社会科学基金重大项目(15ZDW071);国家社会科学基金项目(12BZW066)

摘　　要：20世纪二十年代,高本汉著《左传真伪考》,第一次运用现代语言学方法参与了中国古籍辨伪的讨论;他考察了《左传》的7组虚词,发现了先秦时期《左传》的独特语法体系;他相信完整的语法体系只可能习得,完整的独特语法体系绝非后人所能伪造。20世纪六七十年代,杜百胜承继高本汉从虚词入手为古籍断代的方法,对虚词做了穷尽式的研究,从历史语言学的角度,描写、分析虚词的语法特征,以确定古籍的年代。21世纪初,尤锐选取7个语词确定先秦古籍的年代,利用词汇为古籍断代。穷尽式地考察文本的语法、词汇,以现代语言学方法从事中国古籍的辨伪与断代,在现今仍然大有可为。Bernhard Karlgren, a Swedish scholar, who wrote The Authentication of Tso Chuanin 20s of the 20th centu- ry, first used the methodology of modern linguistics to authenticate and date ancient Chinese texts. He discovered the u- nique language system of Tso Chuan after an investigation and analysis of seven groups of function words in Tso Chuan. As a linguist, he believed that this system can never be forged by the later generations. Dobson, a Canadian scholar, had an exhaustive research on function words of ancient Chinese texts and took a historical view on the historical develop- ment stage of function words in 60s or 70s of the 20th century. In this way, he related these grammatical features of function words with the date of texts. Yuri Pines, an Israel scholar, uses seven groups of words as the standard to date pre -Qin texts in the early 21th century . Today, the exhaustive research of grammar and words is still a worthy method to date the texts and identify the original texts.

关 键 词：现代语言学方法 中国古籍 辨伪 断代 《左传》 

分 类 号：H0-05[语言文字—语言学]