垃圾焚烧暴露与居民呼吸系统的健康效应相关性研究  

Relationship between waste incineration exposure and respiratory symptoms in local residents

作　　者：李前慧 杨惠霞[1] 蒲瑾[1] 王丹洁[1] 曾光[1] 

机构地区：[1]北京中医药大学管理学院,北京100029

出　　处：《环境与健康杂志》2017年第2期99-102,共4页Journal of Environment and Health

基　　金：国家高技术研究发展计划(2012AA062802)

摘　　要：目的了解垃圾焚烧厂周围居民呼吸系统健康状况,探讨垃圾焚烧暴露对周围人群呼吸系统的健康影响。方法于2012年10—11月对垃圾焚烧厂附近0~5 km区域(暴露区)和5~10 km区域(非暴露区)的1 043名研究对象进行基本信息和呼吸系统健康状况的问卷调查,分析两区域内居民呼吸系统健康状况差异,并采用logistic回归分析垃圾焚烧暴露与呼吸系统症状间的关系。结果暴露区人群的呼吸系统症状总体发生率(72.73%)高于非暴露区(65.55%),差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。多因素logistic回归分析显示,暴露区人群咽部异物感的发生率是非暴露区的1.422倍(OR=1.422,95%CI:1.096~1.846),差异有统计学意义(P<0.05),而对咳嗽、咯痰、鼻部不适、喘息及胸闷等其他呼吸系统症状的影响无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论垃圾焚烧暴露与人群咽部异物感可能存在一定关联。Objective To know the relationship between waste incineration exposure and respiratory symptoms in local residents. Methods Conducted a questionnaire survey during Oct. to Nov. 2012, which including residents＇ basic information and respiratory symptoms, 1 043 residents were chosen from two regions （away from the incineration plants 0-5 km and 5-10 kin） around a southern incineration plant. The incidence of respiratory symptoms in the two regions was analyzed. Logistic regression was used to analyze the relationship between the waste incineration exposure and respiratory symptoms. Results The incidence rate of respiratory symptoms in the exposed area was 72.73%, significantly higher than that （65.55%） in the non- exposed area （P〈0.05）. Logistic regression showed that the incidence of pharyngeal foreign body sensation of residents in exposed area was 1.422 times of that in non-exposed area （OR=1.422, 95%CI： 1.096-1.846）. There was no significant impact on the incidence in other respiratory symptoms, such as cough, sputum, nasal discomfort, wheeze and chest tightness （P〉0.05）. Conclusion The results of the study demonstrate that waste incineration exposure may cause pharyngeal foreign body sensation in local residents.

关 键 词：垃圾焚烧暴露 呼吸系统症状 生态比较研究 

分 类 号：R181.3[医药卫生—流行病学]