中国小麦微核心种质籽粒铅、镉、锌积累差异性分析及低积累品种筛选  

Differences of lead,cadmium and zinc accumulation among Chinese wheat mini-core collections germplasms and screening for low Pb,Cd and Zn accumulative cultivars in grains

作　　者：陈亚茹[1,2,3] 张巧凤[2] 付必胜[2] 蔡士宾[2] 吴纪中[2] 陈亚华[1,3] 

机构地区：[1]南京农业大学生命科学学院,江苏南京210095 [2]江苏省农业科学院粮食作物研究所/江苏省农业种质资源保护与利用平台,江苏南京210014 [3]南京农业大学农村土地资源利用与整治国家地方联合工程研究中心,江苏南京210095

出　　处：《南京农业大学学报》2017年第3期393-399,共7页Journal of Nanjing Agricultural University

基　　金：江苏省科技支撑计划项目(BE2016812);国家"十三五"重点研发计划项目(2016YFD0800700;2016YFD0100102);江苏省农业科技自主创新资金项目(CX(14)2095);作物种质资源保护与利用专项(2016NWB030-02-2);江苏省农业三新工程项目(XGC[2015]320);江苏省科技计划项目(社会发展)(BE2014742)

摘　　要：[目的]本文旨在筛选籽粒重金属低积累型作物品种,以减少污染农田重金属进入食物链。[方法]采用重金属污染农田原位筛选方式,研究了261份小麦微核心种质的籽粒对重金属铅(Pb)、镉(Cd)、锌(Zn)积累的差异。[结果]污染农田土壤Pb、Cd、Zn含量分别为449.2、2.4、532.9 mg·kg^(-1),均超过我国土壤环境质量Ⅱ级标准(GB 15618—1995)。261个品种(品系)的小麦籽粒Pb、Cd、Zn的积累能力存在明显的差异性,其变幅分别为0.002~0.920、0.010~0.853、45.773~121.081mg·kg^(-1)。以GB 2762—2012和NY 861—2004的限量(Pb含量≤0.2 mg·kg^(-1)、Cd含量≤0.1 mg·kg^(-1)、Zn含量≤50 mg·kg^(-1))为评价标准,其中有92个小麦样品Pb超标,超标率为35.2%;Cd超标样品为251个,超标率达96.2%;Zn超标样品有254个,超标率达97.3%。[结论]13个Pb低积累品种(品系)(Pb含量低于0.020 mg·kg^(-1)):‘松蕊麦(四号)’‘云麦34’‘石家庄54’‘赤壳’‘本地黄花麦’‘托克逊1号’‘泰山1号’‘和尚麦’‘白蒲(落青)’‘早五天’‘钱交麦’‘他诺瑞’‘台中23’;10个Cd低积累品种(品系)(Cd含量小于0.1 mg·kg^(-1)):‘白条鱼’‘青春28’‘半截芒’‘红金包银’‘大粒半芒’‘碱麦’‘红冬麦’‘白齐头’‘托克逊1号’‘涿鹿冬麦’;6个Zn低积累品种(品系):‘红金包银’‘秃芒麦’‘日喀则8号’‘温麦6号’‘托克逊1号’‘红须麦’。其中‘托克逊1号’为Pb、Zn、Cd低积累品种。[ Objectives] This research aims at the selection of pollution-safe cuhivars （PSC）as a practicable approach to minimizing the influx of heavy metal into the human food chain. [ Methods ] A field experiment was carried out to study the differences of lead, cadmium and zinc accumulation among the grains of Chinese mini-core collection germplasms. [ Results] The contaminated farmland heavy metal contents were 449.2,2.4 and 532.9 mg. kg-1 ,for Pb, Cd and Zn, respectively, which were higher than Grade II of envi- ronmental quality standard for soil（ GB 15618-1995）.There was significant difference in heavy metal（ Pb ,Cd and Zn）concentration in grain among 261 wheat varieties（lines） ,whose were ranged with 0.002-0.920,0.010-0.853,45.773-121.081 mg.kg-~ for Pb, Cd and Zn, respectively. According to the standards on foods and products （ GB 2762- 2012） and （ NY 861 - 2004）, there were 92,251 and 254 wheat grain samples exceeding the standards for Pb, Cd and Zn, respectively, whose proportion were 35.2%, 96.2% and 97.3%. [ Conclusions] Songruimai, Yunmai 34, Shijiazhuang 54, Chike, Bendihuanghuamai, Tuokexun 1, Taishan 1, Heshangmai,Baipu,Zaowutian, Qianjiaomai, Tanori, Taizhong 23 were Pb low-accumulation cuhivars in the grain; Baitiaoyu, Qingchun 28, Banjiemang, Hongjinbaoyin, Dalibanmang, Jianmai, Hongdongmai, Baiqitou, Tuokexun 1, Zhuoludongmai were Cd low-accumulation cultivars ; Hongjinbaoyin, Tumangmai, Rikeze 8, Wenmai 6, Tuokexun l, Hongxumai were Zn low-accumulation cultivars ; Among the tested cuhivars, Tuokexun 1 had the lowest Pb, Cd and Zn accumulating abilities.

关 键 词：重金属 小麦微核心种质 积累差异 品种筛选 

分 类 号：S157.433[农业科学—土壤学] S512.1[农业科学—农业基础科学]