农药污染场地修复过程中近地面大气气态污染物含量变化特征及影响因素  

Variation characteristics and influence factors of near ground atmospheric gaseous pollutants during the remediation process of typical pesticide site

作　　者：张孝飞[1,2] 邓绍坡[2] 龙涛[2] 黄耀[1,3] 

机构地区：[1]南京农业大学资源与环境科学学院,江苏南京210095 [2]环境保护部南京环境科学研究所,江苏南京210042 [3]中国科学院植物研究所,北京100093

出　　处：《南京农业大学学报》2017年第3期481-487,共7页Journal of Nanjing Agricultural University

基　　金：环保公益性行业科研专项(201509034)

摘　　要：[目的]研究农药污染场地修复施工过程中大气中污染物的含量变化,揭示其主要影响因子和变化规律,为农药类污染场地修复过程中的大气二次污染防治提供科学依据。[方法]以典型农药化工类退役场地土壤修复工程为依托,基于对场地土壤污染和修复施工工程的综合分析,在整个施工期间,对场地大气进行采样检测,采用相关分析和回归分析等统计学方法,对场地大气中气态污染物的组成和含量变化及其影响因素等进行了研究。[结果]场地大气中主要气态污染物包括苯乙烯、甲苯、乙苯、二氟二氯甲烷、氯仿、1,4-二氯苯、1,3-二氯苯、氯代甲苯、环己烷、乙酸乙酯、2-丁酮和二硫化碳等挥发性有机污染物(VOCs)。场地大气气态污染物含量在修复后期(2014年6月至2015年1月)明显高于修复前期(2014年1—6月)。[结论]修复施工期内污染土壤的开挖量是影响污染物浓度变化的关键因子,阶段开挖土方量对污染物浓度变化的影响尤为显著,开挖土方量越大,污染物浓度越高;气温和风速也是影响污染物浓度变化的主要因素。气温越高,风速越小,污染物浓度越高。[ Objectives] A typical pesticide plant site undergoing soil remediation was analyzed comprehensively for its characteristics in soil contamination and remediatian engineering processes. [ Methods] Air samples were taken and analyzed throughout the remediatian process.The composition and concentrations of gaseous pollutants were studied with statistical methods such as correlation analysis and regression. [ Results] Results indicated that main pollutants in the atmosphere include styrene, toluene, ethylbenzene, difluordichlo- romethane, chloroform, 1,4-dichlorobenzene, 1,3-dichlorobenzene, chlorotoluene, cyclohexane, ethyl acetate, 2-butanone and carbon disulfide. The level of total volatile organic compounds （TVOCs） during the later stage of remediation （ from June 2014 to Janurary 2015） was significantly higher than that of the earlier stage（from Janurary 2014 to June 2014）. [ Conclusions] The volume of excavated soil was the key factor controlling the concentration of atmospheric pollutants. Increased excavation volume led to higher concentration of atmospheric pollutants. Air temperature and wind speed were also controlling factors. Usually, at higher air temperature and lower wind speed, higher contamination level was detected.

关 键 词：农药场地 修复过程 气态污染物 变化特征 影响因素 

分 类 号：X511[环境科学与工程—环境工程] X53