成果类型视角下高校创新效率及影响因素研究  

A research on the S&T innovation efficiency and its influencing factors of Chinese colleges from the perspective of innovation types

作　　者：于志军[1,2] 杨昌辉[1,2] 白羽[1,2] 彭张林[1,2] 

机构地区：[1]合肥工业大学管理学院,安徽合肥230009 [2]过程优化与智能决策教育部重点实验室,安徽合肥230009

出　　处：《科研管理》2017年第5期141-149,共9页Science Research Management

基　　金：国家自然科学基金"产业转移中创新要素集聚模式及区域引导策略研究"(71303073;起止时间:2015.01-2017.12)

摘　　要：本文基于创新成果类型视角,将高校科技创新成果分为学术产出成果和经济产出成果,采用随机前沿模型对高校科技创新的学术产出效率、经济产出效率及其关键影响因素进行了探索性的研究。主要的研究发现有:(1)样本期内,高校的学术产出是投资驱动型的,学术产出成果的增加主要依靠R&D资本经费的投入来实现;R&D资本存量对高校经济产出效率具有负向影响,而适当增加R&D活动人员有助于提升经济产出效率。(2)各省份高校之间的学术产出效率、经济产出效率存在明显差异,但都呈现东部最高、中部次之、西部最低的分布特征,表明高校的科技创新效率与当地的经济发展水平存在一定的关联程度。(3)加强高校的科技活动交流可以显著提升高校学术产出效率和经济产出效率;高校普遍偏重"数量"的考评制度使得R&D人员素质和学术产出效率显著正相关,与经济产出效率非显著负相关;样本期间,加大政府经费支持力度不能有效提升学术产出效率。The innovation achievements are decomposed into academic output and economic output from the perspective of inno- vation types, then this paper performs an exploratory research on the aspects of academic output efficiency, economic output effi- ciency and key influencing factors by using the SFA method. The primary findings of the study can be summarized as follows： firstly, academic output is an investment -driven innovation activity, and growth of academic output relies principally on invest- ment in R＆D expenditure. R＆D expenditure has a negative influence on economic output efficiency, while appropriate increase of R＆D personnel could help improve efficiency of economic output. Secondly, academic output efficiency and economic output efficiency is significantly different among colleges located in different provinces, but they distribute in rundle： the east, the mid- dle and the west, from the highest to the lowest. The results show that there is a certain degree of association between S＆T inno- vation efficiency of colleges and local economic development level. Thirdly, the existing appraisal mechanism stressing on quanti- ty results in the significantly negative correlation between the quality of R＆D personnel quality and the academic output efficien- cy, while the non - significant negative correlation between R＆D personnel quality and economic output efficiency. During the sample period, the increase of government~ support for S＆T innovation activities in colleges cannot effectively improve academic output efficiency.

关 键 词：高等学校 科技创新效率 学术产出 经济产出 影响因素 

分 类 号：F062.4[经济管理—政治经济学]