儒家视域中的“天下一家”观  

Outlook “Taking the World as One Family” in the Horizon of Confucianism

作　　者：向世陵[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国人民大学国学院

出　　处：《中国人民大学学报》2017年第3期9-15,共7页Journal of Renmin University of China

基　　金：国家社会科学基金重点项目"儒家博爱论研究"(13AZX011)

摘　　要："天下一家"观可以说是古代中国人的世界观。但社会的现实在"大道既隐"后形成的是"天下为家"之为"各家"而非"一家",并以仁义的教化引导和礼制的作用来保障此天下的稳定。要突破各自小家而走向天下一体的"大家",不但需要道德的劝善和关爱,更需要形而上的理论支撑,即当从一气、一理或一心出发去看天下。天下一家不仅是情感和德性的调适舒展,也是为引向王道政治的贯彻和圆满。以顺天孝父和爱赤子为中心的关爱伦理,被补充进按才分工、各尽所能和各得其所的社会公正的内容。"一家"不止体现在上之视下,也体现在下之视上。天下一家的"家天下"观,是立于宇宙视野和生生流行的人道关爱基础而提供的治天下的良策,至今仍具有积极的意义。The outlook ＂taking the world as one family＂ can be said to be the world outlook of ancient Chinese. But the reality of the society is that the world was divided into various and varied families rather than ＂one family＂ after the ＂great dao being hidden＂ . Here all of the benevolent and righteous education, guidance and the ritual function guarantees the stability of this world. To stride over the boundaries of various private families leads to the whole family united, needs not only the moral goodness and love, but also the metaphysical theoretical support, namely, seeing the world grounded on the original ＂qi＂ ＂Li＂ or ＂xin＂ ＂Taking the world as one family＂ means the extension and adjust- ment in emotion and virtue, at the same time, it also open into the implementation and realization in the kingly way politics. The social justice, including the division of labor, each person doing his best and playing his proper role, is supplemented into the care ethics around the filial piety and loving babies. ＂One family＂ needs the efforts of two sides from the superiors and subordinates. The outlook ＂taking the world as one family＂, based on the good humanitarian care and living universe view never ending, provides the sound strategy governing the world, which still has positive significance today.

关 键 词：儒家 天下 家 天下一家 

分 类 号：B222[哲学宗教—中国哲学]