2007-2015年乌鲁木齐市肺结核及其HIV双重感染疫情分析  

Analyzing the epidemic of tuberculosis and HIV co-infection from 2007～2015 in Urumqi

作　　者：张为胜[1] 张伟文[2] 王微[2] 曹明芹[2] 

机构地区：[1]乌鲁木齐市疾病预防控制中心,新疆乌鲁木齐830026 [2]新疆医科大学公共卫生学院,新疆乌鲁木齐830011

出　　处：《现代预防医学》2017年第10期1867-1870,1886,共5页Modern Preventive Medicine

基　　金：新疆维吾尔自治区自然科学基金(No:2016D01C167)

摘　　要：目的了解乌鲁木齐市肺结核(TB)及结核病与艾滋病双重感染(TB/HIV)疫情状况及流行病学特征,评价乌鲁木齐市TB及TB/HIV疫情的防控质量,为乌鲁木齐市结核病与艾滋病防控策略制定提供参考。方法收集整理2007-2015年乌鲁木齐市TB登记数据,描述并分析TB及TB/HIV双重感染在人群和时间的分布特征。结果累计登记TB患者12 043例,涂阳5 535例(46.0%),涂阴6 166例(51.2%);TB患者中,男性高发于女性(1.77∶1);20岁~组、家政、家务及待业高于其他组别(P<0.05);TB疫情主要集中在3-6月与11月发生。TB/HIV双感患者中,男性高于女性(4.03∶1);20岁~组、家政、家务及待业高于其他组别(P<0.05)。TB患者总HIV检测接受率为59.4%,检测接受率逐年增高,增长趋势有统计学意义(P<0.05);总HIV阳性检出率为8.3%,检出率逐年下降,下降趋势有统计学差异(P<0.05)。结论乌鲁木齐市的TB及TB/HIV双重感染的人群分布特征基本一致,TB患者中的HIV检测接受率上升,阳性检出率下降,TB与TB/HIV的疫情防控有显著成效。Objective To learn the infectious situation and epidemiological characteristics of tuberculosis （TB） and HIV co- infection （TB/HIV） in Urumqi, evaluate the quality of their prevention and control in Urumqi, so to provide reference for TB control strategy. Methods Data of the tuberculosis registration from 2007 to 2015 in Urumqi were collected and analyzed for the population distribution and time distribution of TB and TB/HIV. Results A total of 12043 TB patients were registered. Among them, 5535 （46.0%） were smear-positive and 6166 （51.2%） were smear-negative. Among TB patients, incidence ratio of men to women was 1.77：1. Incidence was also higher in the groups of 20-years old, domestic workers, housework workers and the unemployed （P〈0.05）. Tuberculosis peaked during March-June and November. Among patients with TB/HIV co- infection, the incidence ratio of men to women was 4.03：1, and the incidence was higher in the groups of 20-years old, domestic worker and the unemployed （P〈0.05）. Among TB patients, the rate of accepting HIV antibody test was 59.4%, and this rate increased year by year, with statistically significant difference （P〈0.05）. The total rate of TB/HIV was 8.3%, and the detection rate decreased year by year with statistical significance （P〈0.05）. Conclusion The population distribution characteristics of TB and TB/HIV co-infection were basically the same. Meanwhile, among TB patients HIV test rate increased, but the corresponding HIV positive rate decreased, indicating that TB and TB/HIV prevention and control generated significant effect.

关 键 词：结核病 TB/HIV 双重感染 

分 类 号：R181.8[医药卫生—流行病学]