微生物肥与化肥配施对基质栽培番茄产量、品质、光合特性及基质微生物的影响  

Effects of microbial fertilizer combined with chemical fertilizer on yield,quality,photosynthetic characteristics and microorganisms of tomato under substrate culture in greenhouse

作　　者：于健[1] 郁继华[1] 冯致[1] 吕剑[1] 牛丽涓 赵常旭[1] 陆迎春[1] 武小娟[1] 

机构地区：[1]甘肃农业大学园艺学院,甘肃兰州730070

出　　处：《甘肃农业大学学报》2017年第2期41-47,53,共8页Journal of Gansu Agricultural University

基　　金：农业部公益性行业(农业)专项"西北非耕地园艺作物栽培基质优化配制技术与产业化示范"(201203001);现代农业产业技术体系专项资金"国家大宗蔬菜产业技术体系"(CARS-25-C-07)

摘　　要：【目的】研究不同化肥施用水平配施微生物肥对番茄产量、品质、光合特性及基质微生物数量的影响.【方法】采用大田试验,设8个处理,即不施肥(CK),100%常规施肥(100HF),80%常规施肥(80HF),70%常规施肥(70HF),100%常规施肥+微生物(100HFW),80%常规施肥+微生物肥(80HFW),70%常规施肥+微生物肥(70HFW),单施微生物肥(W).【结果】与100HF处理相比,100HFW处理和80HFW处理分别提高产量11.00%和9.07%.微生物肥的施入能提高VC和可溶性糖含量,降低有机酸和硝酸盐含量;与100HF处理相比,微生物肥与化肥配施能提高净光合速率(Pn)、气孔导度(Gs)和蒸腾速率(Tr),降低了胞间CO2浓度(Ci);微生物肥的施入能有效提高栽培基质中真菌、细菌和放线菌数量,其中80HFW与100HF相比,真菌、细菌和放线菌数量分别提高了75.89%、89.87%和21.27%.【结论】在不影响番茄产量的前提下,考虑经济因素,80HFW处理可以作为非耕地日光番茄基质栽培较为适宜的配施处理.[Objective] The research was to investigate me eiiect oi unu levels of chemical fertilizer on tomato yield and quality, photosynthetic characteristics and the amount of microorganisms in substrate culture. [Method] Field tests were conducted to measure yield, quality, photo- synthetic characteristics of tomato and the amount of microorganisms. The tests designed eight treatments including no-fertilizer （CK）,different levels of chemical fertilizer （100HF-regular fertilizer,80HF： 80% of regular fertilizer,70HF：70% of regular fertilizer）, different rate of regular fertilizer combined with same amount of microbial fertilizer （100HFW, 80HFW, 70HFW）, single application of microbial fertilizer （W）. [Result] Compared with 100HF,100HFW and 80HFW increased tomato yield by 11.00% and 9.07% ,re speetively. Combined application of microbial fertilizer could improve the content of vitamin C and soluble sugar and decrease organic acid and nitrate content of tomato. Compared with 100HF, regular fertilizer combined with microbial fertilizer remarkably increased net photosynthetic rate （Pn）, stomatal conductance （Gs） and transpiration rate（Tr） and reduced the concentration of intercellular carbon dioxide （Ci）. Applica- tion of microbial fertilizer could significantly increase the amount of fungi, bacteria and actinomyces in sub- strate. 80HFW increased the amount of fungi, bacteria and actinomyces by 75. 89%, 89. 87%, 21. 27% respectively compared with 100HF. [Conclusion] Based on maintaining yield and the economic factor, 80HFW may be a suitable combined application for tomato cultivated in substrate culture in non-cultivated land greenhouse.

关 键 词：番茄 微生物肥 番茄产量品质 光和特性 微生物量 

分 类 号：S641.2[农业科学—蔬菜学]